Ch.2 Study Guide (Physical Science)

Calculate the density of a sample of gas with a mass of 30 g and a volume of 7500 cm3.

0.004 g/cm3

Calculate the mass of a gas with the density of 0.0065 g/cm3 and a volume if 260 cm3.

1.69 g.

How many oxygen atoms are in one molecule of table sugar (C12H22O11)?

11

Each molecule of iron oxide, Fe2O3, contains __ atoms of iron.

2

How many hydrogen atoms are in a particle of sulfuric acid, H2SO4?

2

One molecule of hydrochloric acid (HCl) contains __ atoms.

2

Lead has a density of 11.3 g/cm3 and a mass of 282.5 g. What is its volume?

25 cm3

Calculate the density of a sample of liquid with a volume of 130 ml and a mass of 585 g.

4.5 g/ml

A substance has a mass of 360 g and a volume of 7.5 cm3. What is its density?

48 g/cm3

Calculate the mass of a solid with a density of 14.2 g/cm3 and a volume of 350 cm3.

4970 g.

The chemical symbol for sulfuric acid is H2SO4. How many atoms are contained in each molecule of sulfuric acid?

7

Calculate the volume of a solid with a density of 5.3 g/cm3 and a mass of 371 g.

70 g/cm3

Calculate the volume of a liquid with a density of 1.7 g/ml and a mass of 144.5 g.

85 ml

Define chemical change.

A change that occurs when a substance changes composition by forming one or more new substances.

Which of the following is and example of a gas-liquid mixture?

a carbonated drink

You put 1 gram of salt into 1 liter of water and stir. The resulting liquid is an example of..

a homogeneous mixture

The smallest unit of a substance that behaves like the substance is..

a molecule

A material that can be represented by a chemical formula is..

a pure substance

The element that is most abundant in the Earth is..

Iron

Why is light not a form of matter?

It doesn't have mass or takes up space.

Sound is not made of matter because it has no ___.

Mass

How do you know that the air you breath is matter, even though you can't see it?

Matter has weight and takes up space; Air takes up space and when you breath your lungs fill up with air and they expand. Also oxygen is a gas, and gas is a form of matter.

Explain why changes of state are physical changes.

Melting, Boiling, and freezing effects a substance physically not chemically.

Two or more liquids that can dissolve into each other are referred to as ___.

Miscible

When two or more pure substances are blended together, the result is a ___.

Mixture

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

dissolving salt in water

Which of the following is not a potential sign of chemical change?

evaporation of water

Which of the following is an example of chemical change?

grilling a burger

Matter is defined as anything that..

has mass and takes up space

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

paint fading

Grinding quartz crystals down to produce sand is an example of a..

physical change

Which of the following is not an example of a physical property?

reactivity

Knowing the chemical properties of a substance will tell you how the substance..

reacts with other substances

Which state of matter will hold its shape without a container?

solid

A ___ property describes how a substance acts when it reacts with other substances.

Chemical

We inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide as a result of a ___ change in our bodies.

Chemical

A change in color during a reaction is often a sign that a ____ has occurred.

Chemical change

The Science of what matter is made of and how it changes is called..

Chemistry

The chemical formula for a chlorine molecule, which contains two chlorine (Cl) atoms, is ___.

Cl2

A chemical change is a change in the ___ of a substance

Composition

A substance that is made of atoms of more than one type bound together is called a ___.

Compound

Copper is used to make electric wire because it is a good ___.

Conductor

For any pure substance, the boiling point and melting point will always remain ___.

Constant

The ___ of a substance is defined as its mass divided by its volume.

Density

How is density of an object calculated?

Density = mass/volume (D = m/v)

Aluminum, oxygen, and carbon are examples of ___.

Elements

Every chemical compound is unique and different from the ___ it contains.

Elements

A mixture of flour and water is called a ___ mixture because the substances do not dissolve.

Heterogeneous

Tooth fillings are often made of gold or porcelain because the materials are ___.

Nonreactive

Flammability is a chemical property that tells whether a substance reacts in the presence of ___.

Oxygen

The chemical element that is most abundant in the human body is..

Oxygen

The chemical symbol O stands for the element ___.

Oxygen

Grinding wheat into flour is an example of a ___ change.

Physical

Is crumbling a sheet of paper a physical or chemical change? Why?

Physical change because the properties of the paper does not change.

"Carbonated drinks are homogeneous mixtures." Explain this statement.

They are homogeneous mixtures because all the ingredients in carbonated drinks are all mixed together to form a consistent liquid.(Carbonated drinks have sugar, water, flavoring, and dissolved carbon dioxide gas in it).

When water is broken down, what happens to the oxygen and hydrogen atoms it is made of?

They are rearranged to form hydrogen and oxygen gas.

The chemical formula for water, H2O, means that each molecule contains..

Two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom

The density of ___ is 1.0 g/cm3

Water

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances is..

an element

A liquid changes rapidly into gas at the liquid's..

boiling point

Digesting food is an example of..

chemical change

A molecule of water (H2O) is made from ___ combining two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

chemically

A physical property of gold is its..

density