ch25 metabolism concept check

Obesity is defined as a body weight more than ________ percent above the ideal body weight for an individual.

20

Approximately how many ATP molecules are generated by aerobic respiration?

36

Deficiency in this vitamin can result in a condition called scurvy.

C

The vitamin that is required for proper bone growth and for calcium absorption and retention is vitamin

D.

The vitamin that is essential for the production of several clotting factors is vitamin

K

The food pyramid recommends many servings a day of dark-green and orange vegetables. Which vitamin is particularly abundant in this food group?

all of these

Wally decides to go on a hunger strike to further one of his favorite causes. After many days with nothing but water you would expect to observe

all of these

The citric acid cycle

begins with the formation of a molecule of citric acid.

The sum of all of the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given time is called

metabolism.

During aerobic respiration, the pyruvic acid is taken up by the _____.

mitochondria

The Krebs cycle occurs in the _____.

mitochondria

When the body is relying on internal energy reserves to continue meeting its energy demands, it is in the

postabsorptive state.

What molecule is the common branch point for either the anaerobic or aerobic pathway?

pyruvate

Impaired fat absorption in the intestine would interfere with the absorption of

vitamin A.

How many ATP molecules does anaerobic fermentation yield?

2

Before entering the Krebs cycle, pyruvate is converted to

Acetyl CoA

Cells perform catabolism to generate ATP, which can be used for

all of the above

A balanced diet should

all of these

Cells must synthesize new organic compounds

all of these

What is a metabolic by-product of aerobic respiration?

carbon dioxide

Although other nutrients can feed into the citric acid cycle, ________ yields energy the quickest.

glucose

The metabolic reaction chain that splits glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid is called ___.

glycolysis

A high uric acid level (above 7.4 mg/dl) can lead to the painful condition known as

gout.

A disorder caused by the ingestion of excessive quantities of a fat-soluble vitamin is known as

hypervitaminosis