CH7

27. To pass an array to a function, pass the _________ of the array.

address or name p409-410

25. You cannot use the _________ operator to copy data from one array to another in a single statement.

assignment operator (=) ex: //wrong newVaules = oldValues; reason, anytime the name of an array is used without brackets and a subscript, it is seen as the array's beginning memory address. p398

4. Consider the following array definition: int values[5] = { 4, 7, 6, 8, 2 }; What does each of the following statements display? cout << values[4] << endl; __________ cout << (values[2] + values[3]) << endl; __________ cout << ++values[1] << endl; __________

2 14 8

6. Look at the following array definition. int numbers[5] = { 1, 2, 3 }; What value is stored in numbers[2] ? What value is stored in numbers[4] ?

3 0

12. Look at the following array definition. double sales[8][10]; How many rows does the array have? How many columns does the array have? How many elements does the array have? Write a statement that stores a number in the last column of the last row in the array.

8 rows across 10 colums down 80 Elements data type "double" = 8 bytes => 80 * 8 = 160 bytes cin >> col_list[9];

V36. To define a vector in your program, you must #include the ____________ header file.

<vector> p430

7. Assuming that array1 and array2 are both arrays, why is it not possible to assign the contents of array2 to array1 with the following statement? array1 = array2;

Because an array name without brackets and a subscript represents the array's beginning memory address. The statement shown attempts to assign the address of array2 to array1, which is not permitted. p398-399

3. Why should a function that accepts an array as an argument, and processes that array, also accept an argument specifying the array's size?

Because, with the array alone the function has no way of determining the number of elements it has.

5. How do you define an array without providing a size declarator?

By providing an initialization list. The array is sized to hold the number of values in the list.

11. How do you establish a parallel relationship between two or more arrays?

By using the same subscript value for each array. p404

13. When writing a function that accepts a two-dimensional array as an argument, which size declarator must you provide in the parameter for the array?

C++ requires the second size declator which is the number of columns to be specified in the function prototype and header because of the way the two-dimensional arrays are stored in memory. (one row follows another: |_|_|_||_|_|_||_|_|_|. p423 note: A two dimensional array (2D arrays) is like several identical arrays put together. It's useful for storing multiple sets of data (rows and columns).

55. T F The contents of an array element cannot be displayed with cout .

F

62. T F If you leave an element uninitialized, you do not have to leave all the ones that follow it uninitialized.

F C++ does not provide a way to skip elements in the initialization list. Ex: //not legal int nums[12] = {2, 4, , 8 , , 12}; p391

73. T F Two-dimensional arrays may be passed to functions, but the row size must be specified in the definition of the parameter variable.

F Column p422

72. T F The first size declarator (in the declaration of a two-dimensional array) represents the number of columns. The second size definition represents the number of rows.

F Rows P419

78. T F You can use the [] operator to insert a value into a vector that has no elements.

F You cannot use the [] operator to access a vector element that does not exist. To store a value in a vector that does not have a starting size, or that is already full, use the push_back member function. key phrase: elements that already exist P435

66. T F When an array name is used without brackets and a subscript, it is seen as the value of the first element in the array.

F it is seen as the array's starting memory address. p398

63. T F If you leave out the size declarator of an array definition, you do not have to include an initialization list.

F note: you must provide an initialization list if you leave out an array's size declarator. Otherwise C++ doesn't know how to make an array. p392

58. T F Arrays cannot be initialized when they are defined. A loop or other means must be used.

F p387

75. T F A vector is an associative container.

F sequence p429

61. T F If an array is partially initialized, the uninitialized elements will contain "garbage."

F they will be set to zero (if a local array is completely uninitialized, its elements will contain garbage, just like other local variables) p391

50. T F An array's size declarator can be either a literal, a named constant, or a variable.

F not a variable p376

53. T F The first element in an array is accessed by the subscript 1.

F zero

8. Assuming that numbers is an array of double s, will the following statement display the contents of the array? cout << numbers << endl;

No Array's must have the data read into or extracted from each element on at a time. This can be done manually through multiple cin or cout statements or by stepping though the array using a loop. pg382

68. T F When defining a parameter variable to hold a single-dimensional array argument, you do not have to include the size declarator.

T Because the

74. T F C++ allows you to create arrays with three or more dimensions.

T C++ does not limit the number of dimensions that an array may have. p425

57. T F You can write programs that use invalid subscripts for an array.

T No bounds checking in C++ p384

65. T F You cannot use the assignment operator to copy one array's contents to another in a single statement.

T because the name of an array w/o the brackets and subscript stands for the array's starting memory address. newValues = oldValues; 8012 = 8024; p398

56. T F Subscript numbers may be stored in variables.

T p380

59. T F The values in an initialization list are stored in the array in the order they appear in the list.

T p388

60. T F C++ allows you to partially initialize an array.

T p390-391

79. T F If you add a value to a vector that is already full, the vector will automatically increase its size to accommodate the new value.

T p430

51. T F To calculate the amount of memory used by an array, multiply the number of elements by the number of bytes each element uses.

T ex: int mailes[84] # of elements = 84 * size of each element = 4 bytes = 336 bytes. p377

67. T F To pass an array to a function, pass the name of the array.

T p398

69. T F When an array is passed to a function, the function has access to the original array.

T p411

70. T F A two-dimensional array is like several identical arrays put together.

T p418

71. T F It's best to think of two-dimensional arrays as having rows and columns.

T p419

77. T F vectors can report the number of elements they contain.

T p430 and 437

52. T F The individual elements of an array are accessed and indexed by unique numbers.

T subscripts p377

26. Any time the name of an array is used without brackets and a subscript, it is seen as _________.

beginning memory address p398

20. C++ has no array _________ checking, which means you can inadvertently store data past the end of an array.

bounds p385

31. When initializing a two-dimensional array, it helps to enclose each row's initialization list in _________.

braces p422

V40. To completely clear the contents of a vector , use the ___________ member function.

clear p439

32. When a two-dimensional array is passed to a function the _________ size must be specified.

column p422

16. The size declarator must be a(n) _________ with a value greater than _________.

constant integer expression zero p376

21. Starting values for an array may be specified with a(n) _________ list.

initialization p388

23. If the size declarator of an array definition is omitted, C++ counts the number of items in the _________ to determine how large the array should be.

initialization list p391

V39. Use the ________________ member function to remove the last element from a vector .

pop_back p438

V37. To store a value in a vector that does not have a starting size, or that is already full, use the ________________ member function.

push_back p435

29. It's best to think of a two-dimensional array as having _________ and _________.

rows colums p419

V35. The vector data type is a(n) ______________ container.

sequence p429

V34. The two types of containers defined by the STL are ___________ and ______________.

sequence associative p429

V38. To determine the number of elements in a vector , use the _____________ member function.

size p437

19. The number inside the brackets of an array definition is the _________, but the number inside an array's brackets in an assignment statement, or any other statement that works with the contents of the array, is the _________.

size declarator subscript p378

15. The _________ indicates the number of elements, or values, an array can hold.

size declarator. p376

24. By using the same _________ for multiple arrays, you can build relationships between the data stored in the arrays.

subscript p404

17. Each element of an array is accessed and indexed by a number known as a(n) _________.

subscript p377

10. When you pass an array name as an argument to a function, what is actually being passed?

the beginning address of the array pg409

30. To define a two-dimensional array, _________ size declarators are required.

two p419

28. A(n) _________ array is like several arrays of the same type put together.

two-dimensional p418

18. Subscript numbering in C++ always starts at _________.

zero p377

22. If an array is partially initialized, the uninitialized elements will be set to _________.

zero p391

2. Look at the following array definition. int values[10]; How many elements does the array have? What is the subscript of the first element in the array? What is the subscript of the last element in the array? Assuming that an int uses four bytes of memory, how much memory does the array use?

- 10 elements - 0 - 9 - 10 * 4 = 40 bytes.

14. What advantages does a vector offer over an array?

- You don not have to declare the number of elements that the vector will have. - If you add a value to a vector that is already full, the vector will automatically increase its size to accommodate the new value. (no out of bounds) - Vectors can report the number of elements they contain. p430 note: to use a vector you must #include <vector> syntax for defining a vector: vector<int> numbers; A size declator is not required since a vector expands in size as you add to it. However, a starting size can be defined: vector<int> numbers(10).

76. T F To use a vector , you must include the vector header file.

T #include <vector> p430

9. Is an array passed to a function by value or by reference?

Reference If the function were written to accept the entire array as an argument...ex: of parameter setup void showValues(int nums[ ], int size) { for (int index = 0; index < size; index++) cout << nums[index] << " "; cout << endl; } p408

V33. The ____________________ is a collection of programmer-defined data types and algorithms that you may use in your programs. (vectors)

Standard Template Library (STL) p429

54. T F The subscript of the last element in a single-dimensional array is one less than the total number of elements in the array.

T

1. What is the difference between a size declarator and a subscript?

The size declarator is used in a definition of an array to indicate the number of elements the array will have. A subscript is used to access a specific element in an array. Size declarator: The number inside the brackets of an array. It indicates the number of elements , or values an array can hold. An array's size declarator must be a constant integer expression with a value greater than zero. It can either be a literal: int days[6}; or a named constant: const int NUM_DAYS = 6; int days[NUM_DAYS]; Subscript: The number inside the brackets of an assignment operator or any statement that works with the contents of an array. A subscript is used as an index to pinpoint a specific element within an array. The first element will always be assigned subscript [0] or sub-zero.

64. T F The uninitialized elements of a string array will automatically be set to the value "0" .

The uninitialized elements of a string array will contain empty strings. p392