Chap 8 Psychotherapy

b. the reversal exercise.

A Gestalt technique that is most useful when a person attempts to deny an aspect of his or her personality (such as tenderness) is: a. making the rounds. b. the reversal exercise. c. the rehearsal exercise. d. the empty chair technique.

d. all of these.

A contribution of this therapeutic approach is that: a. it enables intense experiencing to occur quickly. b. it can be a relatively brief therapy. c. it stresses doing and experiencing, as opposed to talking about problems. d. all of these. e. none of these.

b. the approach to confrontation.

A critical difference between early Gestalt therapy and relational Gestalt therapy is: a. the emphasis on contact. b. the approach to confrontation. c. the use of techniques. d. the focus on the figure formation process.

a. reunification

Which of the following is not one of Miriam Polster's three stages in her integration sequence? a. reunification b. discovery c. assimilation d. accommodation

b. evoking group catharsis.

Which of the following is not one of the Gestalt group leader's roles? a. designing experiments for group members b. evoking group catharsis. c. engaging in self-disclosure d. facilitating contact in the group setting

b. During his childhood, he was a model student.

Which of the following is not true about Fritz Perls? a. He developed Gestalt therapy. b. During his childhood, he was a model student. c. He was trained in psychoanalysis. d. He gave workshops and seminars at the Esalen Institute. e. He aroused various reactions in the people he met.

a. It is not possible to be both confrontational and gentle with clients.

Which of the following is not true about the Gestalt view of the role of confrontation in therapy? a. It is not possible to be both confrontational and gentle with clients. b. It is important to confront clients with the ways they are avoiding being fully alive. c. Confrontation does not have to be aimed at negative traits. d. Confrontation should be a genuine expression of caring.

d. all of these

According to Gestalt theory, people use avoidance in order to: a. keep themselves from facing unfinished business. b. keep from feeling uncomfortable emotions. c. keep from having to change. d. all of these

a. they may be refusing to face what is wrong with their lives.

According to the Gestalt perspective, if people do not remember their dreams: a. they may be refusing to face what is wrong with their lives. b. that suggests they have no internal conflicts. c. they are sound sleepers. d. they lack creativity. d. they should be referred to a therapist with a different theoretical orientation.

b. can be the heart of the therapeutic process since people are storytelling beings.

Erv Polster believes that storytelling: a. is always a form of resistance. b. can be the heart of the therapeutic process since people are storytelling beings. c. is acceptable only if one's client is a writer. d. is an indication that one's client is a pathological liar e. is a sign of high verbal abilities, and thus, high intelligence.

c. everything in human experience is relational and in constant flux.

Field theory suggests that: a. the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. b. human beings have a innate capacity to self regulate. c. everything in human experience is relational and in constant flux. d. phenomenological inquiry is the key to behavior change. e. the "how" of behavior is more important than the "why" of behavior.

d. all of these

Gestalt therapists say that clients resist contact by means of: a. retroflection. b. projection. c. introjection. d. all of these

d. existential therapy.

Gestalt therapy is a form of: a. Freudian psychoanalytic therapy. b. neo-Freudian analytic therapy. c. behavior therapy. d. existential therapy.

b. a theoretical proposition crafted to fit the client's unique needs.

In Gestalt theory, the experiment is considered: a. a specific technique of therapy. b. a theoretical proposition crafted to fit the client's unique needs. c. a ready-made exercise used to achieve a behavioral goal. d. a scientific procedure to assess the effectiveness of therapy.

d. all of these

In Gestalt therapy, the relationship between client and counselor is seen as: a. a joint venture. b. an existential encounter. c. an I/Thou interaction. d. all of these

a. ask Greta to exaggerate her poor posture, which is likely to intensify her feelings attached to it.

Often Greta, who struggles to feel good about herself, comes to sessions with slouched posture. In order to help Greta gain a clearer understanding of the inner meaning of her slouched posture, a Gestalt therapist might: a. ask Greta to exaggerate her poor posture, which is likely to intensify her feelings attached to it. b. have Greta undergo hypnosis. c. ask Greta to free associate to the words "slouched posture." d. refer her to an orthopedic surgeon to rule out scoliosis.

b. pays attention to the client's nonverbal language.

The Gestalt therapist: a. freely makes interpretations for the client. b. pays attention to the client's nonverbal language. c. is mainly nondirective. d. helps the client understand why he or she is behaving in self-defeating ways. e. assigns homework to bring about specific cognitive and behavior changes.

a. attaining awareness, and with it greater choice.

The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is: a. attaining awareness, and with it greater choice. b. to understand why we feel as we do. c. to uncover repressed material. d. to help clients develop better social skills.

e. all of these.

The empty chair technique: a. assists clients in reowning parts of their personality. b. balances internal polarities. c. allows clients to externalize an introject. d. helps to resolve unfinished business. e. all of these.

d. we change through becoming aware of who we currently are.

The paradoxical theory of behavior change suggests: a. we change by setting future-oriented goals. b. clients should pay particular attention to becoming the person they wish to be. c. careful attention should devoted to changing behavior in the moment it is happening. d. we change through becoming aware of who we currently are. e. change is facilitated when we accept our mortality

c. the internal dialogue exercise

When a person experiences an internal conflict (namely a conflict between top dog and underdog), which of the following techniques would be most appropriate? a. making the rounds b. the reversal technique c. the internal dialogue exercise d. the rehearsal exercise e. the exaggeration exercise

c. making the rounds

Which of the following Gestalt techniques involves asking one person in a group to speak to each of the other group members? a. the rehearsal exercise b. the reversal technique c. making the rounds d. the exaggeration technique

e. semantics

Which of the following aspects of a client's use of language would a Gestalt therapist not focus on? a. "it" talk b. "you" talk c. questions d. language that denies power e. semantics

a. assessment

Which of the following is not considered one of the six methodological components of Gestalt therapy? a. assessment b. the here and now c. the authentic encounter d. process-oriented diagnosis e. the paradoxical theory of change

d. projection.

A healthy contact experience involves all of the following except: a. interacting with others while maintaining a sense of self. b. creativity. c. maintaining balance between the figure and the ground. d. projection.

c. retroflection.

A teenage girl is angry with her parents and cuts on her arm. In Gestalt terms, she is most likely engaging in: a. introjection. b. projection. c. retroflection. d. confluence.

c. withdrawal after a good contact experience indicates neurosis.

According to Gestalt theory, all of the following are true about contact except: a. contact is necessary for change and growth to occur. b. one maintains a sense of individuality as a result of good contact. c. withdrawal after a good contact experience indicates neurosis. d. contact is made by seeing, hearing, smelling, touching, and moving. e. we often tend to resist contact with others.

d. confluence.

Because of his need to be liked, Jose makes careful efforts to get along with everyone and minimize interpersonal conflicts. Which boundary disturbance is Jose exhibiting? a. introjection. b. projection. c. retroflection. d. confluence.

d. an element of therapy that needs to be respected.

Contemporary Gestalt therapists view client resistance as: a. a way that clients avoid confrontation. b. a sign of poor motivation for therapeutic work. c. a therapy interfering force that needs to be overcome. d. an element of therapy that needs to be respected.

c. becoming stronger.

Empirical support for Gestalt therapy is: a. weak. b. well-developed. c. becoming stronger. d. unavailable.

c. should assist her client in reliving the dream as though it was happening in the now and have her become each part of the dream.

Mariah tells her therapist, a Gestaltist, that she dreamt she got married to a pit bull and felt uneasy about telling her parents that she married a dog. When her parents discovered their son-in-law was a pit bull, they disowned her and suddenly became dogs themselves. In response to this dream, Mariah's therapist: a. may need to contact a psychiatric hospital (and possibly an animal shelter) since it is likely Mariah unconsciously desires to marry a dog. b. should interpret the dream for her client. c. should assist her client in reliving the dream as though it was happening in the now and have her become each part of the dream. d. should encourage her client to forget the dream since it was meaningless.

d. Experiments are always carried out during the therapy session, rather than outside it.

Which of the following is not true about Gestalt techniques? a. "Exercises" are ready-made techniques. b. "Experiments" grow out of the interaction between therapist and client. c. Clients need to be prepared for their involvement in Gestalt techniques. d. Experiments are always carried out during the therapy session, rather than outside it. e. Techniques are used for the purpose of increasing the client's awareness.

b. EFT was developed by Fritz Perls' wife, Laura.

Which of the statements below regarding emotion-focused therapy (EFT) is not true? a. EFT methodology is similar to Gestalt therapy but emphasizes empirically supported treatments. b. EFT was developed by Fritz Perls' wife, Laura. c. EFT blends the relational aspects of the person-centered approach with the active phenomenological awareness experiments of Gestalt therapy. d. EFT entails the practice of therapy being informed by understanding the role of emotion in psychotherapeutic change. e. All are true.

a. Fritz Perls

Who among the following is not considered a relational Gestalt therapist? a. Fritz Perls b. Laura Perls c. Miriam Polster d. Erv Polster

e. all of these.

Without proper training, Gestalt therapists may: a. evoke catharsis without having the ability to work it through with their client. b. design faulty experiments. c. may use ready-made techniques inappropriately. d. may damage the therapeutic relationship with the client. e. all of these.