chap18

Which of the following is most consistent with the foreign policy of isolationism? Select one: a. a country's refusal to intervene in an armed conflict between two other countries b. a country's willingness to use diplomatic sanctions to pressure another country to address human rights violations c. the George W. Bush administration's policy of actively rooting out terrorism before a threat has fully developed d. multilateral trade agreements

a. a country's refusal to intervene in an armed conflict between two other countries

Why is terrorism such a troublesome issue in national security today? Select one: a. Few countries are willing to take the steps to combat terrorism. b. Terrorism is difficult to defend against in an open society and root out everywhere. c. Terrorists have grown to be capable of far more destruction in foreign countries. d. Throughout history terrorists have proven themselves to be unbeatable.

b. Terrorism is difficult to defend against in an open society and root out everywhere.

Which of the following accurately describes the United Nations? Select one: a. The UN is an international organization formed immediately after World War I in an effort to avoid another world war; it consistently renounces war and respects human and economic freedoms. b. The UN was created in 1945 as an international peacekeeping organization that, over time, has not always succeeded at making or keeping peace. c. The UN was formed in the late 1930s as an international peacekeeping organization and has remained isolationist from the start. d. The UN is composed of fewer than 100 member nations and focuses exclusively on peacekeeping operations.

b. The UN was created in 1945 as an international peacekeeping organization that, over time, has not always succeeded at making or keeping peace.

Which statement best describes the world's superpowers since the end of World War II? Select one: a. The United States has been the sole superpower since the end of World War II. b. The United States and the Soviet Union were rival superpowers until the end of the Cold War, when the United States became the sole superpower. c. The United States and the Soviet Union were rival superpowers until the Cuban Missile Crisis, when the United States and Russia became rival superpowers. d. The United States and the Soviet Union were the only two rival superpowers until the end of the Cold War, when China also became a rival superpower.

b. The United States and the Soviet Union were rival superpowers until the end of the Cold War, when the United States became the sole superpower.

Which of the following best describes the nuclear arms race between the world's two superpowers during the 20th century? Select one: a. the rapid efforts of world governments to arm and thereby protect Eastern European countries from attack by the Soviet Union in the wake of World War II b. a tense relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s, during which each side was intent on obtaining more weapons than the other c. the U.S. and Soviet race in the early twenty-first century to prevent the spread of weapons of mass destruction to unstable governments d. the efforts to rapidly reduce the number of nuclear weapons held by the United States and the Soviet Union

b. a tense relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s, during which each side was intent on obtaining more weapons than the other

What is the primary responsibility of the secretary of defense? Select one: a. homeland security b. military policy c. terrorism prevention d. commander-in-chief of the armed forces

b. military policy

How did the Cold War start? Select one: a. It began after World War II when there was a shortage of coal and heating fuel in Europe. b. It started when the United States established the Truman Doctrine at the end of World War II, which left Eastern European countries "in the cold" by requiring that they defend themselves. c. It began after all of Eastern Europe fell under Soviet domination after World War II, prompting fears that the Soviets would spread communism. d. It started when the Truman Doctrine froze all military alliances according to their pre-World War II configurations.

c. It began after all of Eastern Europe fell under Soviet domination after World War II, prompting fears that the Soviets would spread communism.

Which of the following organizations contains a broad array of the president's foreign policy advisers, including the secretary of defense, the secretary of state, the chair of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the director of national intelligence? Select one: a. the Department of Homeland Security b. NATO c. the National Security Council d. the Central Intelligence Agency

c. the National Security Council

Which statement best describes the conflict that has sometimes existed between the National Security Council (NSC) and others within the national security establishment? Select one: a. Because the NSC always integrates advice from other cabinet departments, most national security analysts see the NSC as having little independent value. b. Because the NSC was created after September 11, 2001, many in the State and Defense Departments do not respect the limited experience of the NSC. c. The NSC usually works hand-in-hand with the State and Defense Departments in covert operations. d. The NSC has sometimes competed with cabinet departments such as State and Defense.

d. The NSC has sometimes competed with cabinet departments such as State and Defense.

Who instituted the Marshall Plan and who benefited directly from it? Select one: a. The Soviet Union instituted the Marshall Plan to benefit Germany. b. Germany instituted the Marshall Plan to benefit itself. c. The United Nations instituted the Marshall Plan to benefit Germany, Italy, and Japan. d. The United States instituted the Marshall Plan to benefit Europe.

d. The United States instituted the Marshall Plan to benefit Europe.

Why have multinational corporations become forces to be reckoned with in nearly all nations? Select one: a. They routinely use their money to buy government officials' votes. b. They better understand the dangers of globalization than do most elected officials. c. They encourage isolationist policies in order to get complete control of domestic governments and markets. d. They account for a large portion of the global economy and have voiced strong opinions about government and economics.

d. They account for a large portion of the global economy and have voiced strong opinions about government and economics.

Which of the following is an example of foreign aid? Select one: a. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade b. the International Monetary Fund c. the North American Free Trade Agreement d. the Peace Corps

d. the Peace Corps