Chapter 1 & 5

3 Functions os AIS / computerized system

1. Inputs 2. Process 3. Outputs

Kilobytes \vs Megabytes vs gigabytes vs terabytes

A kilobyte is 1024 bytes. A megabyte 1,024 kilobytes or 1,048,576 bytes. A gigabyte is 1,024 megabytes or 1,048,576 kilobytes. A terabyte is 1,024 gigabytes or 1,048,576 megabytes.

Program Flow Chart

1. Outline the processing logic for computer programs 2. Indicate the order of processing steps 3. Structured Walk-Through Formal review of logic Assess the soundness of the logic Detect and correct design flaws Make improvements 4. Macro Program Flowchart provides an overview of the data processing logic

DFD Rules

1.Each process should have at least one input and an output. 2. Each data store should have at least one data flow in and one data flow out. 3. Data stored in a system must go through a process. 4. All processes in a DFD go to another process or a data store.

AIS

Collection of data & (usually computerized) processing procedures that creates needed information for its users

POS

A retail point of sale system typically includes a cash register (which in recent times comprises a computer, monitor, cash drawer, receipt printer, customer display and a barcode scanner) and the majority of retail POS systems also include a debit/credit card reader.

Data Mining IT Tools

ACL- Audit Control Language ; IDEA-Interactive Data Extraction and Analysis

CASE

Computer Assisted Software Engineering ; Automate documentation tasks

Penetration Testing

Attempt to "hack" system to assess vulnerability during Systems Security Audit

ACL

Audit Control Language

BSC

Balanced Score Card 1) Financial (2) CRM (3) Business processes (4) Learning & growth 1. Corporate Performance Measurement (CPM) 2. Business Intelligence (BI) 3. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

CPA IT Certifications

CITP (Certified Information Technology Professional ) & CISA (Certified Information Systems Auditor)

AIS Functions

Collect, process (organize & distribute), & store

Data vs Information

Data- raw facts Information - Organized Data with meaning

DFD

Dataflow Diagram : a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through an information system, modelling its process aspects; DFD levels are numbered 0, 1 or 2, and occasionally go to even Level 3 or beyond

System Flow Charts

Display how data flows in a system and how decisions are made to control events Symbols are connected together to show what happens to data and where it goes.

IDEA

Interactive Data Extraction and Analysis

RAD

Rapid Application Development

REA Accounting

Resources, Events and Agents Accounting ; model of how an accounting system can be re-engineered for the computer age

SAR

Suspicious Activity Reporting ; Money laundering, bribes, terrorist funding;a document that financial institutions must file with the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) following a suspected incident of money laundering or fraud.

Audit Trail

a system that traces the detailed transactions relating to any item in an accounting record

DFD Level 0

also called a Context Diagram. It's a basic overview of the whole system or process being analyzed or modeled. It's designed to be an at-a-glance view, showing the system as a single high-level process, with its relationship to external entities

Primary Storage

also known as main storage or memory, is the area in a computer in which data is stored for quick access by the computer's processor. The terms random access memory (RAM) and memory are often as synonyms for primary or main storage 1.Volatile Memory 2. Lost electrical power, lost memory

DFD Level 2

goes one step deeper into parts of Level 1. It may require more text to reach the necessary level of detail about the system's functioning

Permanent File of Manual Documents Symbol (DFD)

letter inside symbol indicates sequence order A=alphabetically N=Numerically D=Chronologically ( year, month, day)

Computer Peripherals

peripheral device is generally defined as any auxiliary device such as a computer mouse or keyboard that connects to and works with the computer in some way. Other examples of peripherals are image scanners, tape drives, microphones, loudspeakers, webcams, and digital cameras.

DFD Level 1

provides a more detailed breakout of pieces of the Context Level Diagram. It highlights the main functions carried out by the system, breaking down the high-level process of the Context Diagram into sub-processes

System Analysis

the act, process, or profession of studying an activity typically by mathematical means in order to define its goals or purposes and to discover operations and procedures for accomplishing them most efficiently

Yourdon-Coad and Yourdon-DeMarco DFD

use circles for processes

Gane and Sarson DFD

use rectangles with rounded corners, sometimes called lozenges