chapter 1: Computers am the internet in industry Research

database

A _____ is a collection of data organized for easy access and manipulation.

fields

A ______ is a group of characters or bytes that conveys meaning.

file

A ______ is a group of related records.

inheritance

A new class of objects can quickly and conveniently by ______ - the new class absorbs the characteristics of an existing class, possibly customizing them and adding unique characteristics of it own.

Internet

ARPA proceeded to implement what quickly became known as the ARPANET, the precursor to today's Internet.

instance

An object is then referred to as an ______ of its class.

machine language

Any computer can directly understand only its own _______ (also called machine code), defined by it architecture.

bandwidth

As a result, ________ - the information-carrying capacity of communications lines-on the Internet has increased tremendously while hardware costs have plummeted.

instance variable

Attributes are specified by the class's _____

event driven

C# graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are _______.

.NET Framework Class Library

C# has access to the powerful _______- a vast collection of prebuilt classes that enable you to develop apps quickly.

Unicode

C# supports various character sets (including ______), with some requiring more than one byte per character.

encapsulate

Classes ______ (i.e., wrap) attributes and methods into objects created from those classes - an object's attributes and methods are intimately related.

computer programs

Computers (i.e., hardware) process data under the control of sequences of instruction called ______.

data hierarchy

Data items processed by computers form a _______ that becomes larger and more complex in structure as we progress from the simplest data items (called "bits") to richer data items, such as characters, fields, and so on.

characters

Digits, letters and special symbols are known as ________.

method call

Each message is implemented as a ________ that tells a method of the object to perform its task.

HyperText Transfer protocol (HTTP)

He also wrote communication protocols such as _______ to form the backbone of his new hypertext information system, which he referred to as the World Wide Web.

code

How will you create the ______ (i.e., the program instructions) for your program? Perhaps, like many programmers, you'll simply turn on your computer and start typing.

object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) process

If this process involves analyzing and designing your system from an object-oriented point of view, it's called an _________.

Hypertext markup Language (HTML)

In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee of CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) began developing _______ - the technology for sharing information via "hyperlinked" text documents.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

In 1994, Berners-Lee founded the __________, devoted to developing web technologies.

C#

In 2000, Microsoft announced the _____ programming language.

assembly languages

Instead, they began using English-like abbreviations to represent elementary operations. These abbreviations formed the basis of assembly languages.

bit

It's called a ______ (short for "binary digit" - a digit can assume one of two values).

fields

Just as characters are composed of bits, ________ are composed of characters or bytes.

object-oriented programming (OOP)

Languages like #C are object oriented - programming in such a language, called ________ allows you to implement an object-oriented design as a working system.

method

Performing a task in a program requires a ______

get accessors

Properties contain _______ for reading the values of variables, and set accessors for storing values into them

set accessors

Properties contain get accessors for reading the values of variables, and ______ for storing values into them

logical units

Regardless of difference in physical appearance, computers can be envisioned as divided into various ________ or sections.

record

Several related fields can be used to compose a ______.

world wide web (simply called "the web")

The ________ is a collection of hardware and software associated with the internet that allows computer user to locate and view multimedia based documents (documents with various combinations of text, graphics, animation, audios and videos) on almost any subject.

TCP/IP

The combined set of protocols is now called _______.

character set

The computer set is the set of all the characters used to write programs and represent data items.

Internet of Things

The internet is no longer just a network of computers- it's an ______.

software

The program that run on a computer are referred to as _______

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

The protocol (set of rules) for communicating over the ARPANET became known as the _________.

computer programmers

These program guide the computer through action specified by people called ________.

information hiding

This ______, as we'll see, is crucial to good software engineering.

Moore's Law

This remarkable trend often called ___________, named for the person who identified it in the 1960s, Gordon Moore, co-founder of Intel- a leading manufacture of the processor in today's computers and embedded systems.

Mono project and .NET core

Through C# was originally developed by Microsoft for the Windows platform, the language can be used on other platform via the _______ and _______- both are managed by the .NET Foundation.

analysis

To create the best solutions, you should followed a detailed _______ process for determining your project's requirements (i.e, defining what the system is supposed to do) and developing a design that satisfies them (i.e., deciding how the system should do it).

record key

To facilitate the retrieval of specific records from a file, at least one field is chosen as a ________, which identifies a record as belonging to a particular person or entity and distinguishes that record from all others

high-level languages

To speed up the programming process further, ______ were developed in which single statements could be written to accomplish substantial tasks.

compliers

Translator programs called ______ convert high-level language programs into machine language.

assemblers

Translator programs called ______ were developed to convert assembly-language programs to machine language.

events

You can write programs that respond to user-initiated ______ such as mouse clicks, keystrokes, timer expirations and touches and finger swipes - gestures that are widely used on smartphones tablets.

Interpreter

____ programs were developed to execute high-level language programs directly (without the need for compilation), although more slowly than compiled programs.

big data

_____ applications deal with massive amounts of data and this field is growing quickly, creating lots of opportunity for software developers

Web services

______ are software components stored on one computer that can be accessed by app (o other software component) on another computer over the Internet.

Objects

_______, or more precisely the classes objects come from, are essentially reusable software components.

Ajax

________ technology helps Internet-based applications perform like desktop applications - a difficult task, given that such applications suffer transmission delays as data is shuttled back and forth between your computer and server computer on the internet.

Scripting languages

such as the popular web languages JavaScript and PHP are processed by interpreters.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

the ______ character set—the popular subset of Unicode that represents uppercase and lowercase letters in the English alphabet, digits and some common special characters.