Chapter 1
How many centimeters are there in a meter?
100
Which of the following is true regarding the anatomical position?
Directional terminology refers to the body in this position.
Which of the following statements are accurate concerning light microscopy?
It is limited because it cannot produce sharp images of structures within cells.
Which statement about visceral serosa is false?
It lines the internal surface of hollow organs.
Bilateral symmetry can apply to objects as well as to animal bodies. Which of the following capital letters of the alphabet is not bilaterally symmetrical?
L
The roots of anatomical terminology lie mainly in
Latin and Greek
What is the major difference in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) when compared to light microscopy (LM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM)?
SEM uses whole, unsectioned surfaces that are covered in carbon and gold dust.
Which of the following best represents an example at the organ level?
Stomach
Which statement concerning the anatomical position is FALSE?
The person is lying down, as straight as possible.
What is the function of serous membranes?
They reduce friction so that viscera move freely.
The proximal convoluted tubule is a structure within the kidney nephron that plays a significant role in the reabsorption of important products that have been filtered from the blood. One of the key features of this structure is its lining. The cells that line the tubule are responsible for the transport of substances across the membrane. These cells and their collective efforts would be an example of which of the following levels?
Tissue level
The smallest living unit is
a cell.
Someone studying anatomy using the systemic approach could study __________.
all the digestive organs
A histologist examines a specimen that has an epithelium overlying some smooth muscle. This specimen is part of
an organ.
The eye is ________ to the occipital region.
anterior
Identity one function of the organ system illustrated here.
carries fluid from body tissues back to the blood vascular system
When a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain is used to prepare tissue for light microscopy, which tissue component is stained by the basic, dark stain hematoxylin?
cellular nuclei
A frontal plane is the same as a ________ plane.
coronal
The words anatomy and dissection both derive from Greek word meaning __________.
cut apart
Bones lie __________ to muscles.
deep
Muscles are ________ to the skin.
deep
The brain is ________ to the skull.
deep
The heart is ________ to the sternum.
deep
Which of the following pairs of organs/structures is located ipsilateral?
descending colon : spleen
Which branch of anatomy studies the structural changes that occur as one ages?
developmental anatomy
The ankle lies ________ to the thigh.
distal
Which set of orientation and directional terms is NOT correctly matched with its opposite?
distal: superior
The ________ body cavity contains the brain.
dorsal
Hormones are regulatory proteins that are secreted by the ________ system.
endocrine
An example of a tissue in the body is
epithelium
What is the advantage of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) over positron emission tomography (PET)?
fMRI pinpoints smaller brain areas, does not use radioactive tracers, and works faster.
In anatomical position, the palms of the hands face medially toward the thighs.
false
Serous cavities contain air.
false
Which organ system covers the external surface of the body, but not the internal surface of the mouth?
integumentary
An example of an organ is
intestine
The right nostril and right ear are __________.
ipsilateral
The thumb is ________ to the index finger.
lateral
Large molecules such as proteins are called
macromolecules
Another name for the midsagittal plane is
median
Cells, organelles, and tissues are usually measured in __________.
micrometers
The levels of structural organization in order of decreasing complexity are __________.
organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
The word __________ always refers to the part of the serosa that lines a body cavity.
parietal
A coronal section through the human body can
pass through both ears
All vertebrates have specific identifying characteristics during some point of development. A partial listing of these characteristics is __________.
pharyngeal pouches, dorsal hollow nerve cord, and segmentation
The knee is ________ to the foot.
proximal
Which organ system keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen, removes carbon dioxide, and contains many air tubes?
respiratory
Patients with appendicitis often complain of abdominal pain in the right lower abdominopelvic quadrant. The appendix itself is in the__________.
right iliac region
Use the illustration to identify the abdominal quadrants in which the stomach is located.
right upper quadrant and left upper quadrant
During the process of ________, noncellular artifacts can be introduced into histology samples.
staining
The chest is ________ to the abdomen.
superior
Sonography is effectively used for viewing all of the following EXCEPT __________.
the brain and spinal cord
The ________ cavity contains the heart and lungs.
thoracic
The main purpose of fixation is
to preserve the tissue.
A transverse plane could cut the head off the body!
true
EM has much greater resolution than LM.
true
Most adults are between 1.5 and 2 meters tall.
true
Pathological anatomy deals with structural changes caused by disease.
true
Serous cavities include the pleural cavity.
true
Which system of the body eliminates nitrogenous wastes and regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood?
urinary
Which structures are evidence of the vertebrate characteristic of segmentation?
vertebral column
