CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO NURSING

Baccalaureate

_____________ and graduate degrees involve a minimum of 4 years of education and qualify a nurse to act in a supervisory role.

Research

______________ involves collecting and analyzing data.

Administering care

________________ _______ measures directly to the patient demonstrates the caregiver role.

Advocacy

___________ involves actions such as protecting the patient's safety or rights.

Interpersonal skills

____________ _______ address patients' psychosocial needs. *_______________ skilled nurses work collaboratively with the healthcare team and provide the team with knowledge about the patient's valued goals and expectations.

caring

*Assisting a lactating mother in feeding her baby is an example of a _________ skill. *The client needs assistance in performing activities of daily life. This would require implementation of __________ skills from the nurse.

comforting

*Encouraging a client to walk without support can be both a ____________ skill and a caring skill. *____________ skills involve providing safety and security

assessment

*Telling a client to localize his pain is an ______________ skill. ______________ skills would be required when collecting data from the client.

AACN

*The ______ addresses educational standards *______ is the national voice for baccalaureate and higher degree nursing education programs and provides accreditation for collegiate nursing programs.

ANA American Nursing Association

*The ______ is the professional organization for RNs in the United States, and it establishes standards of practice, encourages research to advance nursing practice, and represents nursing for legislative actions. Sigma Theta Tau International is the honor society for nursing. *The ANA produces the 2003 Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice, which defines the activities specific and unique to nursing. *ANA aims at fostering high standards of nursing in America. Membership is not open to all nurses in America. Only registered nurses (RNs) can become members. ANA does not invite students showing excellence in scholarship to become members.

NLN (National League for Nursing)

*The _________ serves as the primary source of research data about nursing education, conducting annual surveys of school and new RNs. The NLN's objective is to foster the development and improvement of nursing services and nursing education, and it serves as the professional nursing organization for nurse educators. * ___________ ___ ___________, include nurses, other healthcare providers, and lay people.

Changes from nursing in the past

*These days, clients enter the healthcare system acutely ill. *Hospital stays are much shorter. *Nurses in the past relied on intuition to make decisions. Today, they have specific knowledge developed through research and evidence-based practice. *The healthcare delivery system is more, controversial now.

caring

.Giving a back massage is a _______ skill.

Diploma

A ____________ is often provided under the auspices of a hospital.

Associate Degree

An __________ ____________ in nursing is typically a 2-year program that is offered at a community college or junior college. Such a degree allows a nurse to plan and provide care, but further education is often necessary for administrative positions.

counseling

Educating the client about body mechanics to prevent back pain is a part of the ________ skill of the nurse.

IN ORDER FROM EARLIEST TO LATEST

HISTORY IN ORDER FROM EARLIEST TO LATEST: 1. During the Crusades, religious orders provided nursing care to the sick. 2. Florence Nightingale administered care to British soldiers during the Crimean War. 3. Clara Barton organized the American Red Cross. 4.Mary Elizabeth Mahoney graduated from the New England Hospital for Women and Children in 1879 as America's first African American nurse. 5. Margaret Sanger advocated for contraception and family planning in the United States.

Henry Street Settlement

Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster established the _______ _______ _________, which was the first public health service for the sick and poor.

communicators

Nurses are ___________________ when they report findings to the healthcare team.

associate degree

Students becoming nurses through the _______ __________ program would not be expected to work in a management position.

comforting

Telling the patient that pain would subside with treatment denotes _________________ skill.

public health

The Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education, contributes to the improvement of ________ ________. *The Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education fosters continued improvement in nursing education programs.Accreditation is by nongovernmental, peer review process. It ensures the quality and integrity of baccalaureate and graduate nursing programs, not diploma nursing programs. It uses nationally recognized, not state recognized, standards to evaluate the programs.

Guidelines for providing care

The Standards of Practice provide nurses with?

ICN

The _____ provides a venue for national nursing organizations to collaborate but does not define standards and scope of practice.

National Student Nurses

The _______ _________ _________' Association provides programs of current professional interest. It is not run by a group of registered nurses, but by nursing students themselves. It is student funded, not funded by the national government.

counseling

The activity of educating a group of young girls about AIDS is based on the nurse using __________ skills. *counseling skills are implemented while providing health education and emotional support.

The American Journal of Nursing

The first nursing journal owned, operated, and published by nurses was?

world war II (Esther Lucille Brown, in her report on nursing education published at that time, wrote that nursing education belonged in colleges and universities, not in hospitals.)

The need for university-based nursing education programs was brought to light during which important historical time?

cognitive knowledge

The nurse's _________ ___________ of anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology underlies the understanding of the patient's problem at hand. *__________ skilled nurses grasp what is necessary to achieve valued goals.

Technical Skills

__________ __________ involve the ability to perform kinesthetic tasks. * _____________ skilled nurses manipulate equipment skillfully to produce desired outcomes.

counseling

__________ is based upon the active listening and interaction between the client and the nurse.

Continuing nursing

___________ ____________ programs are on-the-job educational programs.

Nursing process

What guidelines do nurses follow to identify the patient's healthcare needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes?

coordinator

When the nurse coordinates services offered by a variety of healthcare professionals, the nurse acts as a ______________.

subordinate to men

Women were viewed as ______ __ ___ and were expected to remain at home caring for children; this decreased the number of qualified women practicing nursing.

Linda Richards

_____ _______ was the first trained nurse in the United States.

Lillian Wald

_____ ________ established a neighborhood nursing service for the sick poor of the Lower East Side in New York City and was the founder of public health nursing.

Clara Barton

______ _______ established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882.

Dorothea Dix

_______ ____ was a pioneering crusader for the reform of the treatment of the mentally ill.

Outcome identification

_______ __________ is a professional nursing responsibility designated in ANA's standard of care list. Quality of care, performance appraisal, and use of resources are not professional nursing responsibilities designated in ANA's standard of care list. They are included in the standards of professional performance.

Nurse administrators

_______ ____________, not nurse researchers, serve as liaisons between staff members and directors of nursing.

Hospital-based diploma

_______-_________ _________ programs are three-year courses and provide maximum exposure to clinical nursing.

Legal/ethical skills

_______/_________ _______ provide the basis for providing care that is fair and right.

Nurse researchers

________ __________ are responsible for the continued development and refinement of nursing. They usually have advanced education in addition to a baccalaureate degree in nursing. Nurse researchers tend to work in large teaching hospitals, research centers, and academic institutions, not community health centers and long-termcare units.

Baccalaureate-prepared

________-___________ nurses have the greatest flexibility in qualifying for nursing positions at both staff and managerial levels.