Chapter - 1 (Multiple Choice)

The maximum number of electrons in each shell of an atom is 2. 2n2 where n is the number of the shell. 4. 8.

2n2 where n is the number of the shell.

Single-element semiconductors are characterized by atoms with ____ valence electrons. 3 4 5 2 none of the above

4

Effectively, how many valence electrons are there in each atom within a silicon crystal? 2 4 8 16

8

Which statement best describes an insulator? A material with many free electrons. A material doped to have some free electrons. A material with few free electrons. No description fits.

A material with few free electrons.

According to the wave-particle duality concept of electron in the quantum theory of the atom, the velocity of an orbiting electron is considered to be ________. Infinite The speed of light Its wavelength Variable

Its wavelength

You have an unknown type of diode in a circuit. You measure the voltage across it and find it to be 0.3 V. The diode might be a silicon diode. a germanium diode. a forward-biased silicon diode. a reverse-biased germanium diode.

a germanium diode.

The boundary between p-type material and n-type material is called a diode. a reverse-biased diode. a pn junction. a forward-biased diode.

a pn junction.

An atom is made up of: protons. neutrons. electrons. all of the above

all of the above

What factor(s) do(es) the barrier potential of a pn junction depend on? type of semiconductive material the amount of doping the temperature all of the above type of semiconductive material and the amount of doping but not the temperature

all of the above

The movement of free electrons in a conductor is called voltage. current. recombination. equilibrium.

current.

An n-type semiconductor material is intrinsic. has trivalent impurity atoms added. has pentavalent impurity atoms added. requires no doping.

has pentavalent impurity atoms added.

What types of impurity atoms are added to increase the number of conduction-band electrons in intrinsic silicon? bivalent octavalent pentavalent trivalent none of the above

pentavalent

What occurs when a conduction-band electron loses energy and falls back into a hole in the valence band? doping recombination generation

recombination

Doping of a semiconductor material means that a glue-type substance is added to hold the material together. that impurities are added to increase the resistance of the material. that impurities are added to decrease the resistance of the material. that all impurities are removed to get pure silicon.

that impurities are added to decrease the resistance of the material.