chapter 1 quiz

Name the level of organization in the human body that each figure represents.

they are in the image

Some homeostatic imbalances cause a variable that is normally controlled by negative feedback to be abnormally controlled by positive feedback.

true

When a variable is regulated by negative feedback, its value fluctuates above and below the set point rather than being a constant.

true

1. When maintaining a stable internal environment, if blood pressure increased to 130 mm Hg, your body would ( ) increase decrease blood pressure. 2. If heart rate decreased to 40 beats per minute, your body would ( ) increase decrease heart rate. 3. If oxygen levels in the blood decreased to 75 mm Hg, your body would ( ) increase decrease breathing. 4. If your body temperature increased to 105oF, you would try to ( ) increase decrease temperature. 5. In all these examples, the changes that occurred in the body would be fatal if they continued. The body would have to respond or compensate for these changes. In each case above, when something happened to cause a change in one direction, the body responded with a change in the ( ) same opposite direction to help maintain a stable internal environment. 6. Most homeostatic regulations occur through ( ) positive negative feedback.

1. decrease 2. increase 3. increase 4. decrease 5. opposite 6. negative

Anatomy is the study of form and . This discipline is very broad and can be divided into more specific fields. In anatomy, structures that cannot be seen with the naked eye are examined. Gross anatomy, also called ____________ anatomy, examines parts that are visible to the unaided eye. Several specialized branches focus on diagnosis of medical conditions or research. The branch of anatomy that examines all anatomic changes resulting from disease is ____________ anatomy. Investigation of relationships among internal structures using scanning procedures is ____________ anatomy.

Anatomy is the study of form and structure. This discipline is very broad and can be divided into more specific fields. In microscopic anatomy, structures that cannot be seen with the naked eye are examined. Gross anatomy, also called macroscopic anatomy, examines parts that are visible to the unaided eye. Several specialized branches focus on diagnosis of medical conditions or research. The branch of anatomy that examines all anatomic changes resulting from disease is pathologic anatomy. Investigation of relationships among internal structures using scanning procedures is radiographic anatomy.

If an individual is in the anatomical position, they are lying horizontally with palms facing up.

False

Homeostasis is a term that describes the many ____________ processes to maintain the ____________ of the body. These characteristics are noted about homeostatic systems:1. They are ____________ and continually change.....

Homeostasis is a term that describes the many physiologic processes to maintain the health of the body. These characteristics are noted about homeostatic systems: 1. They are dynamic and continually change. The control center is generally the nervous system or the endocrine system. There are three components: receptor, control center, and effector. They are typically regulated through negative feedback to maintain a normal value or set point. It is when these systems fail that a homeostatic imbalance or disease potentially results and ultimately may threaten an individual's survival.

A patient complaining of pain on his left side just deep to the ribs would be referring to which abdominopelvic quadrant?

Left upper

When there is a change in the internal body environment, how will the body react to maintain homeostasis by negative feedback?

Oppose the change

During childbirth, the baby pushes on the wall of the uterus. This is detected by pressure receptors that signal the brain to release oxytocin. If this is a positive feedback process, select the likely next step.

Oxytocin causes the uterus to contract, further stimulating the receptors and releasing more oxytocin from the brain

Physiology is the study of ____________ of body parts. To do this, physiologists typically focus on the molecular and/or ____________ levels to gain complete understanding of the system's workings. Thus, a basic knowledge of ____________ is essential to understanding physiology.

Physiology is the study of function of body parts. To do this, physiologists typically focus on the molecular and/or cellular levels to gain complete understanding of the system's workings. Thus, a basic knowledge of chemistry is essential to understanding physiology.

When a stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climactic event occurs, it is best as described as which of the following?

Positive feedback

Thermoreceptors detect body temperature and send impulses to the brain for analysis. If body temperature is low, the brain will signal skeletal muscles to perform brief, repeated contractions to help generate heat. In this example, what is the effector?

Skeletal muscles

Check all that apply to homeostatic imbalances.

They may be caused by aging. They may be caused by aging. Correct They often lead to disease. They often lead to disease. Correct Negative and/or positive feedback processes are not functioning properly. Negative and/or positive feedback processes are not functioning properly. Correct Medication that targets an imbalance in one organ may alter homeostasis in other organs.

Cardiovascular physiologists must also have a good understanding of heart, blood, and blood vessel anatomy.

True

Homeostatic imbalance may result when critical changes from ____________ or disease cause a variable normally controlled by ____________ feedback to be abnormally controlled by ____________ feedback. The ____________ of patients usually involves determining a ____________ , or the specific cause of the homeostatic imbalance.

aging negative positive treatment diagnoses

When blood sugar levels increase after a meal, insulin is released. This lowers sugar levels back toward normal. This is an example of

negative feedback.