Chapter 1 Test Yourself

What is the difference between a cell, a tissue, an organ, and a system in an animal's body?

Cells are the basic functional units of life that form tissues. Tissues help for the body with epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Organs are a group of tissues that work together for a common purpose. Systems are a group of organs that are involved in a common set of activities.

How might abnormalities in an animal's anatomy or physiology have a negative impact on its health and well-being?

Each system works to keep homeostasis in the body. if one area disturbs the flow, then all systems have to change to keep the balance.

What surface of a hamster's front leg is in contact with the ground when it is walking normally?

Palmer

If your left hand was on a goat's belly and your right hand on its back, which hand is on the animal's dorsal surface and which is on its ventral surface?

My left hand is on the ventral surface, and my right hand is on the dorsal surface of the goat.

If you are facing a cat head-on, is the left ear on your left or right side?

Right side

Why must the term rostral be used instead of cranial to describe structures on a hedgehog's head, but the term caudal works just fine?

Rostral is describing a specific area, pertaining to the nose and mouth area, where caudal describes toward the head.

How does each anatomical plane of reference divide a cow's body?

Sagittal divides lengthwise in non equal right and left. Median is a kind of sagittal plan that divides the cow equally down the middle. Transverse plan divides the animal into two halves containing the cranial and caudal and the Dorsal Plane divides the animal into ventral and dorsal areas.

How does the anatomy of a muscle or bone differ from its physiology? Which describes appearance and location and which describes function?

The anatomy is the individual parts that make up the body and the physiology is how it functions within the body. Anatomy describes appearance where physiology describes function.

What is the difference between the visceral and parietal layers of pleura and peritoneum?

Visceral layers directly lies right on the organs where the parietal layer lines the entire body cavity.

How do homeostatic mechanisms influence the health of an animal?

All the physiological processes that actively maintain balance in the various structures, functions and properties of the body balance the various structures.

How does the normal anatomy and physiology of cells in an animal's' body impact the health of the animal as a whole?

Each depends on the health and proper functioning of each of its systems, organs, tissues, and cells as a whole.

What are the four basic tissues that make up an animal's body?

Epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous

According to the principle of bilateral symmetry, singles structures in the body are located on or near which anatomical plan of reference?

Median plane

The next time you see a dog, differentiate between the medial and lateral of one of its elbows and the proximal and distal ends of one of its legs.

Medial side of the elbow is inside of arm facing the ribs and lateral is the outside of the elbow. Proximal end of the dogs leg is closer to the point of attachment to the body where distal would be near the foot and furthest away from attachment to the body.

Where is the pleura found? Where is the peritoneum found?

Pleura membrane is found covering the organs of the thoracic cavity. Peritoneum is found covering the organs of the abdominal cavity.

If you insert a hypodermic needle into a horse's muscle to give an injection, which end of the needle- the tip or the hub - is located deep in the muscle, and which is located superficially?

The tip of the needle would be located deep in the muscle and the hub would be located superficially outside of the skin and muscle.