Chapter 1: Values and Attitudes

What are the three components of attitudes?

-Affective "I feel" -Cognitive "I think" -Behavioral "I intend"

What are two ways that Cognitive dissonance can be reduced?

-by changing attitude, behavior, or both -by belittling the importance of the inconsistent bavior

What are two outcomes of organizational commitment?

-continued employment -greater motivation

What are three factors that contribute to engagement?

-environmental characteristics -organization level factors -person factors

what are some ways managers can reduce CWB?

-hire individuals who are less prone to engage in this behavior -motivate desired behaviors and not CWB -respond quickly and appropriately to employees engaging in CWB

what are some ways to reduce voluntary turnover?

-hire people who "fit" with the organization's culture -spend time fostering employee engagement -provide effective onboarding -recognize and reward high performers

what are three ways to increase organizational commitment?

-hiring people whose personal values align with the organization -making sure management doesn't breach psychological contracts -enhancing the level of trust

the results of perceived organizational support are

-inc organizational commitment -job satisfaction -organizational citizenship behavior -task performance -lower turnover

What are the four correlates and consequences of Behaviors?

-job performance -Organizational Citizenship behavior (OCB) -Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) -Turnover

What are positive effects of organizational citizenship behavior on the individual?

-job satisfaction -performance appraisal ratings -intention to quit -absenteeism -turnover

what are three ways to increase employee engagement?

-measuring -tracking -responding to employee surveys

What are the four correlates and consequences of Attitudes?

-motivation -job involvement -withdrawal cognitions -perceived stress

What are positive effects of organizational citizenship behavior on the organization

-productivity/efficiency -lower costs -customer satisfaction -unit-level satisfaction -turnover

What's the difference between personal values and personal attitudes?

-values are global and have a broad influence that variously affect behavior -attitudes are specific, influencing specific situations and affect behavior with intentions

What is Cognitive Dissonance?

Psychological discomfort experienced when simultaneously holding two or more conflicting cognitions (ideas, values, emotions)

What is Organizational Commitment?

The extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and commits to its goals

What are Values, and are they stable?

abstract ideas that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations. They are relatively stable

What is job satisfaction?

an affective or emotional response toward various facets of one's job or the extent to which an individual likes his or her job.

what are withdrawal cognitions

an individuals overall thoughts and feelings about quitting

When employees perceive organizational support, they..

are willing to work hard and commit to the organization

why are personal attitudes important?

because they impact behavior

what is Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB)?

behavior that harms other employees, the organization as a whole, or organizational stakeholders such as customers and shareholders such as customers and shareholders

what is job performance?

behavioral outcomes of job satisfaction

What are the negative and positive parts of turnover?

can be positive if poor performers are leaving and negative if good employees leave

What are personal attitudes, and what do they range from?

evaluations, feelings or opinions about people, places, and objects they range from positive to negative

What is employee engagement, and how do they engage?

harnessing of organizational members selves to their work roles employ and express themselves physically, cognitively, and emotionally during role performance

How can management boost job satisfactions with employees with Disposition/Genetic components

hire employees with an appropriate disposition

what is Organizational citizenship behavior, and is it recognized by the formal reward system?

individual behavior that is discretionary, but is not directly or explicitly recognized by formal reward system

How can management boost job satisfactions with employees with expectations?

meet expectations of employees about what they will receive from the job

how are job satisfaction and job performance related, and is the relationship complex?

moderately related is complex, they indirectly influence each other

How can management boost job satisfactions with employees with Equity?

monitor employees perceptions of fairness and interact with them so they feel fairly treated

what is perceived stress

negative effects on many different organizational behavior related outcomes

In Aggregate, what does Organizational Citizenship behavior promote?

promotes effective functioning of the organization

what is motivation

psychological processes that arouses interest in doing something, and it directs and guides behavior

What is Perceived Organizational Support?

reflects the extent to which an employee believes that the organization values their contributions and genuinely cares about their well being

CWB has a __________ relationship with job satisfaction

strong negative

How can management boost job satisfactions with employees with value attainment?

structure the job and its rewards to match employee values

what is job involvement

the extent to which an individual is personally involved with his or her work role

How can management boost job satisfactions with employees who need fulfillment?

understand and meet employees needs