Chapter 10

precocious puberty

a condition in which puberty begins before the age of 8 in girls and 9 in boys

phallic stage

ages 3 to 7

nocturnal emission

an ejaculation that occurs during sleep in teenaged boys and men; a "wet dream"

askable

being perceived as receptive, a good listener, and accepting

secondary sex characteristics

bodily changes that occur during puberty and differentiate men and women

For many teenage girls, the need for ____________________ is an important part of finding their self-identity.

emotional intimacy

gynecomastia

excessive development of the male breasts

Children cannot masturbate to orgasm until they reach puberty.

false

Couples who lived together before marriage are less likely than other couples to get divorced.

false

If a child is found engaging in sexual exploration games with another child of the same sex before age 7, it means the child is probably homosexual.

false

If an adult man is castrated, it substantially raises his voice.

false

In early childhood it is normal for children to engage in sexual behaviors that imitate adults.

false

In men, the production of sperm generally stops by the early 50s.

false

In terms of hormone changes with aging, men and women are very much alike.

false

Most teenage girls experience severe pain during their first sexual intercourse.

false

The best predictor of sexual activity for older women is the amount of vaginal lubrication they had when they were younger.

false

Surveys find that _______________ of American high school students have engaged in sexual intercourse.

half

Many bodily changes occur, the result of changing _________________ levels, and these physical changes require many adjustments for young adolescents.

hormone

Discussions with your children about sexuality should be frank and explicit. When talking to your children about sex, _______________ is just as important as what you say.

how you say it

gynecomastia

increase in estrogen

Freud referred to what this chapter calls the initial school-age years as the ________________ stage of psychosexual development.

latency

cohabitation

living together

As women grow older, their menstrual cycles become irregular and eventually stop entirely, which is called __________________.

menopause

In the initial school-age years, children develop a sense of __________________.

modesty (and inhibitions about exposing their bodies in public)

By the time people are in their mid 20s most people's sexual lifestyle is characterized by ________________, either in marriage or by cohabitation.

monogamy

petting

non-coital sexual contact below the waist

hooking up

non-relationship sex without any commitment

For some teens, however, having sexual relations is not a positive experience, yet many engage in it because of __________________.

peer pressure

Men show a gradual decline in _____________ beginning in their late teens.

testosterone

Girls as young as 6 or 7 have given birth.

true

In a study of 202 men and women aged 80 to 102, it was found that nearly half still engaged in sexual intercourse.

true

In some cultures, hot flashes are uncommon among postmenopausal women.

true

Pubertal development in boys lags about 2 years behind development in girls.

true

global moralities

values that are supposed to apply to all people under all circumstances

As children grow, their curiosity about their bodies continues and, during early childhood, reaches a peak in the age period from _________________ years old.

3 through 5

delayed puberty

a condition in which the appearance of secondary sex characteristics and physical growth do not begin until well after they have begun in most children

emerging adulthood

a developmental stage of life; an extended period of being a single adult that occurs between adolescence and young adulthood

open marriage

a marital relationship in which the couple agrees that it is permissible to have sexual relations outside of the marriage

hot flashes

a sudden sensation of warmth or intense heat that spreads over the upper body, face, and head

swinging

a type of open marriage relationship in which a couple has extramarital relations together with other couples

Puberty is at least a two-part maturational process. The two parts are called ______________ and ______________.

adrenarche gonadarche

It is also important that your children view you to be accepting and _______________. You can emphasize your own sexual values, but remember that your own behavior will affect your child's attitudes and moral values.

askable

vaginal dryness at menopause

decrease in estrogen

decreased sexual desire in men

decrease in testosterone

decreased sexual desire in women

decrease in testosterone

less firm erection and longer refractory period

decrease in testosterone

necking

erotic physical contact above the waist (kissing, touching breasts)

peer pressure

expectations by one's peer group about how one is supposed to behave

Most women show a decreased interest in sex after menopause.

false

The lack of vaginal lubrication in women who have undergone menopause is an indicator that their sexual desire has decreased.

false

There is a strong relationship between social background (religious and political views) and whether or not one engages in extramarital affairs.

false

Avoid that one long "birds and bees" talk approach; communication between parents and their children about sexuality should begin __________________ and be ongoing.

in early childhood (preschool years)

children's first sexual attractions

increase in DHEA from adrenal glands; increase in testosterone (from DHEA)

menarche

increase in FSH and LH

hot flashes in women

increase in FSH and LH (caused by a decrease in estrogen)

breast development in girls

increase in estrogen

reversal of effects of menopause

increase in estrogen

development of sweat glands (body odor, acne)

increase in testosterone

pubic hair and body hair

increase in testosterone

sexual learning

knowledge about sex that is received (usually informally) from family, friends, the media, and society in general

The decline in sexual activity among older single women is most often due to ____________________.

lack of partner

accepting

letting your child know that all questions are okay and will not be met with a negative attitude

Sexual activity is highest for people in their ________________, and only gradually declines up through the late 50s. Surveys indicate that married people have sex more often than singles and are happier with their sex lives than are singles.

mid 20s to mid 30s

Whitehurst believed that the two things most likely to lead to extramarital sex are _______________ and _______________.

opportunity alienation

__________________ is the time in life in which an individual first becomes capable of _________________ and shows sexual attraction to others.

puberty reproduction

This also results in some physical changes, such as a decline in muscle mass and strength, less firm erections, less forceful ejaculations, and longer __________________ periods.

refractory

You should strive to create an atmosphere of love and caring, so avoid ___________________ and do not lecture them.

scare tactics

Development of breasts and growth of facial hair are examples of __________________.

secondary sex characteristics

Before age 2, bodily exploration is usually confined to _________________.

self-exploration

The most important issue in the lives of most adolescents is _____________________, and during these years there is a focus on body image and physical characteristics.

self-identity

Your children will learn about sex regardless of whether you ever talk to them about it. _________________ begins in infancy, and children receive it from their peers, the media, and your own behaviors.

sexual learning

climacteric

the changes that occur in women in the few years that precede and the first year that follows menopause

The changes that occur in women in the few years that precede and follow menopause are called _________________.

the climacteric

serial monogamy

the practice of having a series of monogamous sexual relationships

menarche

the term for a girl's first menstrual period

menopause

the term for a woman's last menstrual period

puberty

the time in life when an individual first shows sexual attraction and becomes capable of reproduction

adolescence

the time of life between puberty and adulthood

However, most elderly people continue to enjoy sexual relations as long as they remain otherwise healthy and have a partner. For healthy couples, the best predictor of whether they will enjoy sex in old age is ___________________.

their sexual activity when they were younger

"Hot flashes," are due, in part, to increasing levels of pituitary hormones.

true

Boys often develop enlarged breasts during puberty.

true

Children's first sexual attractions occur around age 10.

true

The average age at which girls have the first menstrual cycle has been decreasing over the last 2 centuries.

true

The average married couple in their 20s or 30s have sex more often than young singles.

true

The growth of pubic hair on girls is the result of increased levels of testosterone.

true

The sexual activity of emerging adults is generally different from the activity of younger and older age groups.

true

The way parents react to the sexuality of their children is generally an indication of the way they feel about their own sexuality.

true

Ultrasound recordings have found that male fetuses have erections while still inside the uterus.

true

This usually occurs in a woman's late 40s or 50s, and the change in hormones can result in hot flashes, a decrease in _______________, and osteoporosis.

vaginal lubrication

situational ethics

values or ethics that emphasize the proper thing to do in particular situations

The only way you will be able to know if your attempts to educate your children about sexuality have been successful is by their __________________.

willingness to come to you when they have questions and problems