Chapter 10 Prep U- Pharm

After teaching a client about prescribed statin therapy, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the client makes which statement?

"I can take the drug with grapefruit juice."

The client receives a prescription for niacin. The nurse is providing education about the medication and possible adverse effects. Which adverse affect would the nurse include?

"Some people get very flushed skin when they take this medication."

What should the nurse teach an older adult client about the potential adverse effects of atorvastatin?

"The most common side effects of atorvastatin involve some mild gastrointestinal upset."

A client is receiving niacin as part of therapy for hyperlipoproteinemia. The nurse would explain that the lipid levels will usually begin to drop in approximately which amount of time?

5 to 7 days

A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is prescribed cholestyramine. Which information would the nurse include as a possible adverse reaction associated with this drug? Select all that apply.

Abdominal cramping Bruising Constipation

A nurse is aware of the high incidence and prevalence of hyperlipidemia and the consequent need for antihyperlipidemics. Treatment of high cholesterol using statins would be contraindicated in which client?

An obese male client who is a heavy alcohol user and who has cirrhosis of the liver

What drug or drug class decreases the delivery of intestinal cholesterol to the liver?

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor

A male client presents to the health care provider's office with symptoms of hyperglycemia. He is taking his oral antidiabetic medication and has not modified his diet or exercise program in any way. When the nurse interviews the client, he states that he now takes flax seed to reduce his cholesterol level. What may occur as a result of taking flax seed?

Decreased absorption of his drugs

In addition to being synthesized in the liver and intestine, from where are blood lipids derived?

Diet

As part of a routine physical examination, a 60-year-old client's primary care provider has ordered blood work that includes cholesterol levels. What result would strongly suggest the need for an antihyperlipidemic drug?

Elevated LDL levels

What intervention may help the client increase HDL levels?

Exercise

The nurse cares for a 10-year-old child who has been diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia. What is the most common cause of hypercholesterolemia in children?

Familial connection

A patient with hyperlipidemia is prescribed ezetimibe. Which ongoing assessment should the nurse perform during treatment?

Frequently monitor blood cholesterol.

A client taking atorvastatin presents to the clinic reporting acute muscle pain not associated with exercise or injury. The nurse asks questions to determine if this client has been taking what contraindicated substance?

Grapefruit juice

The pharmacology instructor is discussing medications used in the treatment of dyslipidemia. Which drug class would the instructor identify as the most widely used dyslipidemia drugs?

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A 54-year-old client has a cholesterol level of 240 mg/dL (6.2064 mmol/L). What serum concentration of cholesterol would this client have?

High

The nurse is teaching a 45-year-old client about ways to lower cholesterol level. What effects of exercise does the nurse describe?

Increases high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and decreases low-density lipoproteins (LDL)

A patient with very high serum triglyceride levels is prescribed the fibric acid derivative clofibrate. In which of the following categories of patients is the use of clofibrate contraindicated?

Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are classified as which pregnancy category?

Pregnancy Category X

The nurse is caring for a client with high serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In teaching the client about therapeutic lifestyle changes and the use of medications, the nurse explains that the desired goal for cholesterol levels is what?

Reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) values and increased HDL values

What should the nurse suggest to assist a client to improve his cholesterol levels?

Smoking cessation

A 37-year-old woman with moderately elevated lipid levels requests immediate pharmacotherapy for her dyslipidemia. The nurse explains that a period of intensive diet therapy and lifestyle modification will be utilized before drug therapy is considered. The nurse explains the rationale for this regimen as:

Therapeutic lifestyle changes are the preferred method for lowering blood lipids.

What is the most common reason for an elevated cholesterol level in a client who does not have a genetic disorder of lipid metabolism?

His dietary intake of saturated fat

The nurse is preparing to teach the client about diet therapy when beginning bile sequestrant medication to lower lipid levels. What important point will the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Increasing fiber intake

Which lipid level would the nurse interpret as being high?

LDL cholesterol of 190 mg/dL

A nurse is conducting a presentation for a local community group about hyperlipidemia. When discussing the factors that individuals can work on to reduce their risk, which information would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Weight and Diet

The client is diagnosed with hyperlipidemia and prescribed lovastatin. Which is the most common adverse effects of lovastatin?

headache and flatulence.

A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed cholestyramine powder for pruritus treatment. What instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the client? Select all that apply.

Do not ingest the drug in the dry form. Mix the drug with fluid soups or pulpy fruits. Mix the drug in 2 to 6 fluid ounces of water.

After reviewing information about antihyperlipidemic drugs, a group of nursing students demonstrate understanding when they identify which medication as a fibric acid derivative (fibrate)?

Gemfibrozil

The nurse knows that part of the education plan for a client with the diagnosis of hyperlipidemia needs to include which lifestyle changes? (Select all that apply.)

Reduction of the intake of saturated fats Increased physical activity Weight loss