Chapter 10 Psychology

According to Jung's hypothesis, which of the following refers to the primitive images contained in the collective unconscious?

Archetypes

Which of the following is true of social cognitive theory?

It focuses on learning by observation.

Which of the following is true of the social cognitive theory? #1

It pays less attention to genetic variation in explaining individual differences in behavior

__________are beliefs that we can accomplish certain things.

Self-efficacy expectations

In humanistic theory, the innate tendency to strive to realize one's potential is called__________.

self-actualization

Observational learning is one of the foundations of__________.

social cognitive theory

One of the similarities between views of Karen Horney and Erik Erikson is that both believed that:

social relationships (such as that between a parent and child) are more important determinants of personality than sexual urges.

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the__________functions according to the moral principle.

superego

Erikson labeled the first stage of psychosocial development in his theory of personality development as the stage of _____.

trust versus mistrust

In psychological testing,__________refers to the degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure

validity

Which of the following situations best describes Watson and Skinner's beliefs regarding behaviorism?

A teenager keeps his room clean because his parents appreciate it.

Which of the following is true of Carl Jung's psychodynamic theory—analytical psychology?

It emphasizes the collective unconscious and archetypes.

Which one of the following is a criticism of Freud's psychoanalytic theory?

It was too vague to scientifically measure the psychic structures.

Which of the following is an illustration of the defense mechanism of repression?

Mary witnessed the death of her sister when she was young but cannot remember it now.

_____ can be defined as the reasonably stable patterns of emotions, motives, and behavior that distinguish one person from another.

Personality

__________is a process in psychological testing that checks per the scores, validity, and reliability of a test with people of various ages and from various groups.

Standardization

Which of the following Freudian psychic structures is present in a person at birth?

The Id

Which of the following tests is an example of an objective personality test?

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

__________are reasonably stable elements of personality that are inferred from behavior.

Traits

Eysenck focused on the relationships between two personality traits:__________and emotional stability-instability.

introversion-extraversion