Chapter 10 Section 2

Francis Ferdinand

(Archduke of Austria and heir apparent to Francis Joseph I; his assassination at Sarajevo triggered the outbreak of World War I (1863-1914)).

Gavrilo Princip

1895-1918, Serbian political agitator, b. Bosnia. As a high-school student and a member of the Serbian nationalist secret society Union or Death (known as the Black Hand), he assassinated Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife at Sarajevo in 1914. His act precipitated World War I. He died of tuberculosis in an Austrian prison. He remains a Serbian hero.

Black Hand

A terrorist organization originating pre-World War I in Eastern Europe.

Describe how Britain got involved in the conflict of World War I?

Because Germany invaded Belgium and Britain had signed a treaty guaranteeing Belgium neutrality. Outraged by the invasion of Belgium, Britain declared war on Germany.

Describe how Germany got involved in the conflict of World War I?

Because Germany was a backing ally of Austria and also in Berlin, Kaiser William II was horrified at the assassination of the royal heir Francis Ferdinand. He advised Francis Joseph to take a firm stand toward Serbia and assured him and Austria of German support. But, instead of urging restraint, the kaiser gave Austria a "blank check".

Describe how France got involved in the conflict of World War I?

Because Russia appealed to its ally in France. Also in Paris, nationalists saw a chance to avenge its defeat in the Franco- Prussian War. Though they had some doubts, they gave Russia the same backing Germany offered Austria and when Germany demanded that France remained neutral they refused and Germany then declared war on France.

Why did Serbian nationalists plot the assassination of Francis Ferdinand?

Because Serbian Nationalists were tired of the crumbling Ottoman empire and the mass genocide of the Armenians. This caused for enraged citizens to grow against Francis Ferdinand.

Describe how Russia got involved in the conflict of World War I?

Because the czar asked the kaiser to urge Austria to soften its demands and when this plea failed, they began to mobilize and that's where Germany responded by declaring war on Russia.

Ultimatum

Final set of demands.

Schlieffen Plan

Plan of attack used by the German armies at the outbreak of World War I. It was named after its developer, Count Alfred von Schlieffen (1833-1913), former chief of the German general staff.

Neutrality

Policy of supporting neither side in a war.

How did Austria react to the assassination?

They wanted revenge, so they declared war on Serbia.

Moblize

To prepare military forces for war.