Chapter 10,11,12
A lobby can be described as an organization that a. is not a voluntary membership organization, but as institutions has access to resources without any membership. b. is a voluntary membership organization and therefore has resources as a result of their membership. c. is not a voluntary membership organization and therefore has problems looking for resources. d. has both large amounts of volunteers and large amounts of capital. e. is self-funded by very wealthy individuals.
A
A president typically receives the highest approval ratings during the a. first year in office. b. last year in office. c. political campaign leading up to the election. d. State of the Union address. e. inauguration ceremony.
A
A president's obsessive concern with public opinion can be labeled as a way to advance ____ democracy. a. majoritarian b. pluralist c. communitarian d. liberal e. libertarian
A
Each of the following statements concerning executive orders is true, EXCEPT? a. They are rarely issued by presidents. b. They carry the force of law. c. They can create or modify laws without the direct approval of Congress. d. The Constitution does not explicitly grant the president the power to issue such orders. e. They are issued for a wide variety of purposes.
A
Each state has __________ senators. a. two b. three c. four d. five e. ten
A
Every two years, how many of the 435 House seats are up for reelection at the same time? a. all b. one-third c. two-thirds d. three-fourths e. one-half
A
If the president neither signs nor vetoes a bill within 10 days while Congress is in session, the bill a. becomes law. b. is sent back to Congress. c. is recalled by Congress for further action. d. has been pocket-vetoed. e. is killed.
A
In 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that President Bush's unilaterally established military commissions to try alleged enemy combatants being held at Guantanamo Bay, were a. illegal. b. based on a congressional delegation of power. c. based on an explicit constitutional grant of power. d. legal based on Article II of the Constitution. e. legal because Congress issued a declaration of war.
A
In 2013, in response to their frustration with minority filibusters, Senate Democrats decided to a. eliminate filibusters for confirmation of presidential nominees other than Supreme Court justices. b. invoke "perpetual cloture," ending the possibility of filibusters. c. to split appointments 50/50 among Republicans and Democrats. d. end legislative recesses until Republicans agreed to limit filibusters. e. change Senate committee structures so that Republicans would be less represented and would lose influence.
A
In addition to offering an explanation for high reelection rates, gerrymandering might also contribute to a. increasing polarization. b. decreasing polarization. c. the coattail effect. d. Congressional high approval ratings. e. low levels of cooperation between the House and the Senate.
A
In general, the public tends to dislike interest groups because they a. do not offer equal representation to all. b. only represent big business. c. take funding away from social services. d. are made up of one of the two major political parties. e. have a basis in socialism.
A
In today's Congress, the mere threat of a Senate filibuster is extremely common, which means that a bill often needs the support of _____ instead of a simple majority in order to pass. a. sixty senators b. the president c. a plurality vote of the Senate d. all Senate Committee Chairs e. the majority whip
A
Most democracies outside the United States have a(n) a. parliamentary system. b. executive-legislative system. c. congressional system. d. constitutional monarchy. e. legislative oversight system.
A
The Constitution involves the president in the policymaking process through a. veto power and the role as commander in chief. b. veto power and the role as the administrative head. c. appointment power and the role as commander in chief. d. veto power and appointment power. e. appointment power and the role as the administrative head.
A
The ________ is a group of advisers who help the president mold a coherent approach to foreign policy. a. National Security Council b. Department of Defense c. intelligence community d. Foreign Affairs Committee e. National Security Agency
A
The delegation of powers is the process by which _____ gives the executive branch the additional authority needed to address new problems. a. Congress b. state government c. the voting public d. the Supreme Court e. the Senate Majority Leader
A
The initial concept for the presidency at the Constitutional Convention was an executive a. selected by Congress for a seven-year term and ineligible for reelection. b. voted for directly by the people every three years. c. selected by the Supreme Court for a four-year term and ineligible for reelection. d. selected by a vote of the nation's governors every four years. e. selected by the House of Representatives every 2 years.
A
The key feature of the Great Compromise was its provision for a. population-based representation for states in the House and equal representation for states in the Senate. b. equal representation for all states in both houses. c. proportional representation based on electoral votes in the Senate and equal representation in the House. d. population-based representation in both legislative bodies. e. election of senators by state legislatures.
A
The lobbyist's primary job involves a. passing information on to their employers and policymakers. b. assisting campaigns and organizing funding packets. c. trading on favors. d. mobilizing campaign contributors. e. exchanging goods for services.
A
The main conduit for communication between the President and Congress is(are) a. the legislative liaison staff. b. friendly lobbyists. c. journalists trading information in their attempt to find out what is likely to happen on legislation. d. the president's chief of staff. e. staff from the offices of the Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the Senate.
A
The most powerful person in the Senate is the a. majority leader. b. majority whip. c. vice president. d. president pro tempore. e. sergeant-at-arms.
A
The phenomenon of ______________ is referred to as the "revolving door". a. former elected officials taking lobbying jobs b. movement of experienced workers from one interest group to another c. interest group success on one issue, followed by identification of a new issue, followed by success on that issue, etc. d. interest group officials achieving such a high profile that they are then elected to public office e. Congress dealing with a seemingly endless series of interest groups
A
The powers of the president as outlined in the Constitution are a. briefly stated and comparatively vague. b. extensively and specifically described. c. more elaborately described than the powers of Congress. d. specific enough to avoid disagreement over their extent. e. very similar to the powers of a parliamentary executive.
A
Typically, when Congress believes the executive branch has accumulated too much power, their response is to a. enact legislation to reassert congressional authority. b. impeach the president. c. file a lawsuit. d. request that the Supreme Court take action to declare the president's actions unconstitutional. e. mount a campaign to have the president recalled by citizens.
A
Ultimately it was by means of a(n) __________ that the success of Cesar Chavez's attempt to attain recognition of the United Farm Workers was achieved. a. grape boycott b. bombing campaign of farms c. occupation of the state capitol building d. refusal to harvest lettuce throughout California e. migrant worker strike
A
What percentage of interest groups are organizations composed of individuals rather than corporations? a. about 11 percent b. about 40 percent c. about 74 percent d. about half e. 100%
A
When President Dwight Eisenhower ordered the Arkansas National Guard into service to enforce court orders to desegregate schools, it was an example of a. executive orders. b. political mandate. c. gerrymandering. d. filibustering. e. cloture.
A
When the Senate votes to invoke cloture, it a. limits the amount of time that may be spent debating a bill. b. means a bill must either pass or fail without any amendments. c. sends a bill back to its originating committee for amendment. d. forwards a bill to a conference committee so that differences between the House and Senate versions may be worked out. e. will result in a bill's failure.
A
Which of the following potential interest groups would likely be the most difficult to organize for political action? a. social welfare recipients b. certified public accountants c. alumni of a prestigious college d. employees of a manufacturing company e. retired social security recipients
A
Which of the following powers is the exclusive power of the Senate? a. approve treaties b. charge impeachment c. redistrict d. originate revenue bills e. pocket veto
A
Which of the following presidents have been impeached? Lyndon B. Johnson a. Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton b. George W. Bush and Bill Clinton c. Richard Nixon and Lyndon B. Johnson d. Richard Nixon, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Gerald Ford e. Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford
A
A _______ is a temporary committee established to deal with issues that either overlap or fall outside the areas of expertise of standing committees. a. subcommittee b. select committee c. conference committee d. joint committee e. makeshift committee
B
A congressional representative is following the delegate philosophy when he or she a. takes instructions from party leaders on how to vote. b. votes in accordance with the perceived wishes of the citizens back home. c. votes according to his or her conscience, even if doing so means going against the wishes of the majority back home. d. consults the president before an important vote. e. relies primarily on personal experience, philosophy, and ideology in deciding how to vote.
B
A key difference between the House and the Senate concerning bill procedures is the a. Senate Appropriations Committee. b. House Rules Committee. c. Senate Ways and Means Committee. d. prefiled bill requirement in the Senate. e. House floor procedure.
B
A legislator acts as a trustee when they vote based on a. majority rule. b. their conscious. c. party alignment. d. constituency agreement. e. historical trends.
B
A senator who wants to prevent a bill from coming up for a vote might decide to deliberate on the subject matter of the bill for hours since the Senate gives its members the right to unlimited debate. This process is called a(n) a. mandate. b. filibuster. c. pocket veto. d. hold. e. initiative.
B
A veterans' group publicizes reports of excessive wait times at VA (US Department of Veterans Affairs) hospitals and resulting harm to patients. Which function is the veterans' group performing? a. education b. program monitoring c. agenda building d. representation e. issue definition
B
A whip is a member of the legislature who a. acts as leader of the party when the majority leader is unavailable. b. keeps track of the vote count in Congress. c. controls the kinds of amendments offered on the floor of the House. d. is each party's primary liaison with the opposing party. e. determines which committees legislation will be referred to.
B
Although the number of women in Congress has grown over time, they comprise only__________ of Congress. a. 4% b. 20% c. 11% d. 1% e. 35%
B
An environmental group publishes scientifically-documented lapses in Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) oversight of toxic-waste-dump monitoring. Which function is the environmental group performing? a. education b. program monitoring c. agenda building d. representation e. issue definition
B
How did Barack Obama use vetoes during his term of office? a. He never used the veto. b. He issued a total of nine vetoes through 2016. c. He issued a total of thirty-one vetoes. d. He asked for a constitutional amendment suspending vetoes. e. He issued five pocket vetoes only.
B
In both a recent Gallup survey of the American public, and in a recent C-SPAN survey of fifty-eight professional observers of the presidency, President _________ was ranked as the greatest. a. George Washington b. Abraham Lincoln c. Theodore Roosevelt d. Franklin D. Roosevelt e. Ronald Reagan
B
Meetings in which legislation is debated and amended are called _________ sessions. a. ex nihilo nihil fit b. markup c. brainstorming d. skull e. war
B
One reason there may be no delegate position for members of Congress to take is that a. many issues are of great concern to their constituents. b. sometimes what constituents really want is not clear. c. technology has made most congressional issues highly visible back home. d. congressional issues rarely cut across a constituency in the same way. e. they fear losing their incumbency.
B
Reapportionment is based on a. the size of the eligible voting population. b. population figures shown in the census. c. the number of representatives in each individual state. d. the total number of Senators and representatives in each state. e. the indices laid out in Article II of the Constitution.
B
Recent scholarly research demonstrates that energetic and well-planned efforts by presidents to influence public opinion a. can move public responses to opinion polls by about ten percentage points. b. are likely to have little effect. c. are far more effective when they concern foreign policy than domestic policy. d. are far more effective when they concern domestic policy than foreign policy. e. only occurs during a president's first year in office.
B
Representatives elected from new districts after reapportionment tend to exhibit __________ than representatives from older districts. a. less polarized voting partisans b. more polarized voting patterns c. the same amount of polarized voting d. higher name recognition e. less polarized voting partisans and higher name recognition.
B
Since 1950, __________ of all House incumbents running for office have been reelected. a. approximately 50 percent b. approximately 90 percent c. 100 percent d. less than 50 percent e. approximately 80 percent
B
The 1993 Shaw v. Reno decision held that a congressional district in North Carolina was an example of a. "best practices" redistricting. b. "political apartheid." c. legal racial gerrymandering. d. a political decision that was an inappropriate area of court interference. e. a matter best left to the states.
B
The Constitution does not give the president power to a. veto legislation. b. declare war. c. serve as administrative head of the nation. d. serve as commander in chief of the military. e. convene sessions of Congress.
B
The House Judiciary Committee and the Senate Foreign Relations Committee are examples of a. select committees. b. standing committees. c. subcommittees. d. ad hoc committees. e. conference committees.
B
The free-rider problem increases the difficulty of attracting a. young people. b. paying members. c. media attention. d. votes in Congress. e. cooperation from other interest groups.
B
The most visible form of congressional oversight is a. the franking privilege. b. a congressional hearing. c. mobilizing citizens to strike. d. the Supreme Court decisions. e. the pocket veto.
B
The redistribution of seats among the states every ten years after a census is known as a. redistricting. b. reapportionment. c. reallocation. d. gerrymandering. e. impeachment.
B
There were an estimated __________ PACs contributing to congressional candidates during the 2013-2014 campaign cycle. a. 1,000 b. 7,500 c. 25,000 d. 250,000 e. one million
B
Which of the following is a key factor in the increased size of the Cabinet over the years? a. president's inability to get legislative initiatives passed by Congress b. growth in the responsibilities of government c. new congressional requirement that Cabinet departments have an equal relationship with a particular congressional committee d. the feeling that the Cabinet should remain proportional in size to the bureaucracy e. president's need to be seen as a consensus builder
B
Which of the following is not an argument made by the authors for why interest groups benefit our political system? a. Interest groups represent people before government. b. Interest groups always form when the corresponding need for them develops. c. Interest groups are vehicles for political participation. d. Interest groups educate their members, the public at large, and government officials. e. Interest groups bring new issues into the political limelight.
B
Which president asked, after being challenged on his aggressive expansion of presidential power, "Was it possible to lose the nation and yet preserve the Constitution?" a. Andrew Jackson b. Abraham Lincoln c. Theodore Roosevelt d. Lyndon Johnson e. George W. Bush
B
With respect to social media, Representatives and Senators a. are restricted by franking regulations as to what they can send. b. are limited by rules adopted by their respective chambers. c. are subject to legislatively-prescribed limits on the kinds of information they can convey. d. have no limits on what they can convey. e. are prohibited from communicating with their constituents through social media.
B
_______ instituted the secret NSA surveillance program revealed when Edward Snowden leaked stolen documents. a. Congress b. President Bush c. The Department of Defense d. President Obama e. The President's National Security Advisor
B
________ is described as a situation in which government is incapable of acting on important issues. a. Partisanship b. Gridlock c. Franking d. Polarization e. Fundamentalism
B
A ________ is a committee composed of legislators from both houses that works out legislative differences between the Senate and House and develops a compromise version. a. subcommittee b. select committee c. conference committee d. joint committee e. makeshift committee
C
A congressional representative is following the trustee philosophy when he or she a. takes instructions from party leaders on how to vote. b. votes in accordance with the perceived wishes of the citizens back home. c. votes according to his or her conscience, even if doing so means going against the wishes of the majority back home. d. consults the president before an important vote. e. polls members of the district prior to a vote.
C
An incumbent is someone who a. is trying to throw the opposing party out of office. b. lobbies for an interest group. c. currently holds office. d. reports directly to the president. e. has the power to impeach.
C
An organization that represents firms within a particular industry is known as a(n) ____ association. a. global b. union c. trade d. lobby e. PAC
C
An underlying assumption of the concept of descriptive representation is that a. elected representatives should follow their own consciences. b. any citizen can be represented by any congressional representative. c. minorities can be effectively represented only by people who "look like them." d. representatives should carefully heed public opinion polls. e. the more outspoken people are regarding the type of representative they want, the closer the representative will be to voter preference.
C
Another name for an interest group is a(n) a. union. b. NGO. c. lobby. d. party. e. PAC.
C
Cesar Chavez's work to organize California workers into the United Farm Workers makes him an example of a(n) a. primary mover. b. policy maintainer. c. interest group entrepreneur. d. monitoring agent. e. public proponent.
C
Congress can overturn a presidential veto with a a. two-thirds vote in the House and a majority vote in the Senate. b. majority approval in the supreme court. c. two-thirds vote in each house. d. three-fourths vote in each house. e. majority vote in the House and 60 votes in the Senate.
C
Efforts to draw boundaries to promote the election of minorities a. have been equally effective for blacks as for Hispanics. b. have been more effective for Hispanics than for blacks. c. have been more effective for blacks than for Hispanics. d. were more effective for blacks in the 1980s, but more effective for Hispanics in the 1990s. e. have been equally ineffective for blacks as for Hispanics.
C
Every two years, _________ of the Senate must stand for reelection. a. one-fourth b. one-half c. one-third d. all e. two-thirds
C
In a parliamentary system, power is concentrated in the a. head of state. b. voting public. c. legislature. d. prime minister. e. courts.
C
In the modern presidency, the Cabinet a. has assumed greater importance over the last twenty years. b. is a minor contributor to presidential decisions on foreign policy, but a major contributor to decisions on domestic policy. c. no longer provides significant decision-making input or support for the president. d. makes major domestic policy decisions but does not make foreign or defense policy decisions. e. is the central advisory and decision-making group on which the president depends.
C
It is the job of __________ to make sure that people in government know what their members want and that their organizations know what the government is doing. a. cabinet officials b. federal agency administrators c. lobbyists d. governors e. political parties
C
Of the following, which influences current-day presidents the most? a. the Cabinet b. Congress c. White House staff d. National Security Council e. U.S. Supreme Court rulings
C
One recent example of interest groups emerging to push for remedial action from government was the emergence of a. the Tea Party. b. the American Farm Bureau Federation after Congress banned GMO foods in the U.S. c. Flint Rising and the Coalition for Clean Water, which emerged in Flint, Michigan during its water crisis. d. Water You Fighting It, which emerged in Vermont after the Canadian Oil Pipeline leak. e. lobbyists on Madison Avenue after the stock market crashed.
C
President Obama's attempts to improve the public's opinion about his health-care bill shows a. presidents can move the public about six percentage points toward policies they favor. b. presidents have more success influencing the public when the economy is bad. c. presidential efforts to influence public opinion are likely to fail. d. presidents' own job approval ratings can decline even as their public outreach succeeds. e. the public is more likely to defer to the president's opinion when the legislation in question is extremely complex.
C
The Speaker of the House is also the a. minority party's leader. b. vice president of the United States. c. majority party's leader. d. commander-in-chief of the U.S. armed forces. e. minority whip.
C
The ___________ was the name given to President Lyndon Johnson's liberal agenda for America. a. New Deal b. New America c. Great Society d. Great Deal e. Renewal Agenda
C
The claiming of a presidential mandate after an election a. is consistent with a pluralist theory of democracy. b. is necessary to have Congressional approval. c. is consistent with a majoritarian theory of democracy. d. is more common among presidents who win by small electoral margins. e. is part of a conservative philosophy.
C
The content of a proposed bill in Congress can be changed a. only in committee. b. only during floor deliberation. c. at any stage of the legislative process in either the House or the Senate. d. only in conference committee. e. up to three times.
C
The framers of the Constitution created a comparatively strong executive because a. they wanted to emulate the strength of the monarch, which was the only example of government they had lived under. b. state governors provided a good example of the effectiveness of a strong executive. c. executive power as it existed under the Articles of Confederation had failed to bind the states into a unified nation. d. they admired the chief executives of governments in European nations. e. they believed that only a strong executive could provide the influence needed to end the evils of slavery.
C
The phrases "the executive Power shall be vested in a President" and "he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed" are the constitutional foundations for the president's a. pardon power. b. power as commander in chief. c. administrative power. d. enumerated powers. e. diplomatic power.
C
The practice of altering district lines for partisan advantage after the census is also known as a. redistricting. b. reapportionment. c. gerrymandering. d. impeachment. e. cloture.
C
The president of the Senate is a. sometimes called the Speaker of the House. b. also the president of the United States. c. the vice president of the United States. d. a minority whip. e. any available Cabinet member.
C
To accomplish the successful organization of the United Farm Workers, Cesar Chavez copied the tactics of a. patriots during the American Revolution. b. anti-slavery abolitionists. c. the civil rights movement. d. Franklin Roosevelt's attempt to create his "New Deal" program. e. anti-globalization activists.
C
To signal one's intent to filibuster, a senator may issue a a. cloture request. b. gerrymander. c. hold. d. senatorial veto. e. franking privilege.
C
U.S. Senators were no longer chosen by state legislatures after the passage of the a. Thirteenth Amendment. b. Sixteenth Amendment. c. Seventeenth Amendment. d. Nineteenth Amendment. e. Twenty-first Amendment.
C
Under current federal law, the amount that the PAC you belong to can donate to its favored candidate running for the U.S. Senate is a. unlimited. b. $2,000 a month during the election cycle. c. $5,000 per election. d. $27,500 per year. e. equal to a percentage of the group's membership.
C
What role do interest groups play in educating policymakers about political issues? a. Interest groups are never considered a valid source of information because they are so biased. b. So few people are members of interest groups that any communication policymakers receive from such groups is considered insignificant. c. They are an important source of political information. d. They tend to confuse policymakers and often alienate them. e. They serve to overwhelm policymakers with too much information.
C
When a president invokes the idea of "going public" he forces Congressional compliance by a. implementing a pocket veto. b. using inherent powers. c. appealing to their constituents. d. appointing a legislative committee. e. denying incumbent power.
C
When a senator refers to constituents, he or she is talking about a. a way to prevent a filibuster. b. the Bill of Rights. c. the people who live and vote in their district. d. ways to redistrict congressional boundaries. e. their political views in relation to the president's political views.
C
With regards to the executive office, prior to the Constitution, the Articles of Confederation a. had created a three-person executive. b. required a one-year executive that rotated between the different states. c. provided for no independent executive. d. maintained an even stronger executive than the Constitution ultimately created. e. created a single executive who served for six years and was ineligible for reelection.
C
_________ is the practice of unlimited debate in the Senate in order to obstruct legislation. a. Cloture b. Logrolling c. Filibustering d. Gerrymandering e. Muckraking
C
A dispute over floor debate procedure in the House would be settled by a. the House Ways and Means Committee. b. the bill's author. c. unanimous consent. d. the Rules Committee. e. the standing committee from which the bill originated.
D
A president can be impeached by the _________ and tried and removed from office by the a. House and Senate; Supreme Court. b. House; House. c. Senate; House. d. House; Senate. e. Senate; Senate.
D
After the presidential election is over, the winning candidate wants to claim that he has been given __________ by the voters to carry out the policy platform on which he campaigned. a. unlimited power b. veto power over Congress c. executive orders d. an electoral mandate e. the franking privilege
D
An important idea of pluralist theory is that a. most interest groups work for the good of the majority. b. the institutions of government will ignore interest groups regardless of their orientation. c. interest groups will ultimately fade from the political scene. d. new interest groups naturally form when the need arises. e. people join groups for benefits, regardless of current circumstances.
D
An important issue on which Vice President Dick Cheney influenced George W. Bush was a. eliminating the use of drones in covert warfare. b. ending the war in Viet Nam. c. planning the "Bay of Pigs" invasion. d. championing the war in Iraq. e. severely scaling back the NSA's secret electronic surveillance program.
D
Committee members tend to remain with the same committee in order to gain years of consecutive service. This is known as a. a ranking majority member. b. franking. c. a whip. d. seniority. e. gerrymandering.
D
Franklin D. Roosevelt exemplified the _____ style of organizing the White House when he organized a staff that had overlapping authority and different points of view. a. hierarchical b. collegial staffing c. loose d. competitive management e. tiered focus
D
Groups that rely on ideological appeals for new members have a special problem because a. most people do not want to join ideological groups. b. they have to meet special stricter government guidelines. c. ideological groups do not qualify for tax exemptions. d. competition in policy areas of these groups is intense. e. they have to convince their "purist" members to do the mundane work of recruitment.
D
If a lobbyist is trying to convince a legislator to support a particular bill, one of the most valuable resources an interest group can have is a. a large budget. b. a small, but very vocal membership. c. a long history of supporting that particular legislator. d. a large, politically active membership. e. a group of policy experts willing to draft legislation for the legislator.
D
If you believe that citizens are most effectively represented by legislators who have similar demographic characteristics -- such as being the same race, religion, or gender, -- then you have a belief in _____ representation. a. finite b. definitive c. formal d. descriptive e. general
D
It takes a _________ vote of Congress to overturn a presidential veto. a. one-third b. majority c. three-fifths d. two-thirds e. three-fourths
D
James Madison made all but which of the following arguments in his essay, Federalist No. 10? a. The development of differences between interest groups is inevitable. b. The fundamental causes of faction are sown into man's nature. c. In a democratic republic, government can mediate among opposing factions. d. Factions can be eliminated without removing Americans' freedoms. e. The size and diversity of the nation is an important factor restraining majority factions.
D
On issues of high visibility and great concern to constituents, members of Congress are most likely to behave as a. tribunes. b. trustees. c. advertisers. d. delegates. e. insiders.
D
Over time, political parties in Congress have a. become more inclusive of varying ideological perspectives. b. tended to become more and more similar, giving voters fewer legitimate choices. c. found it easier to identify common ground. d. become more ideologically distinct. e. largely abandoned traditional ideological viewpoints.
D
Perhaps the most difficult obstacle presidents face when attempting to influence public opinion is the a. unwillingness of the media to cover the president's statements. b. high level of partisanship in the electorate. c. complexity of modern domestic policymaking. d. lack of serious attention by the public. e. cultural tendency of Americans to resist centralized authority.
D
Presidents travel frequently to fund-raise for congressional candidates. In addition to helping elect more members of their party, they also do this to a. meet with fundraisers for their own future campaigns. b. meet with constituents, which helps them the next time they need to "go public." c. get a bump in approval ratings. d. get the gratitude of legislators. e. get future Court nominees appointed with ease.
D
Ronald Reagan's declaration that "Government __________." foreshadowed his administration's policies in the area of social service programs such as the Job Corps. a. is the answer b. has failed needy Americans c. should be the leader d. is the problem e. has a moral duty to provide for everyone
D
The 2015 Location Privacy Protection Act is an example of an issue the appeared on the Congressional agenda as a result of a. tech industry lobbying. b. intelligence community concerns. c. increased risk of terrorism. d. availability of new technologies. e. WikiLeaks.
D
The authors suggest that the most influential vice president has been a. Walter Mondale. b. Al Gore. c. Richard Nixon. d. Dick Cheney. e. Joseph Biden.
D
The framers of the Constitution wanted a government strong enough to avoid the difficulties encountered under the a. British Monarchy. b. Mayflower Compact. c. Bill of Rights. d. Articles of Confederation. e. Townshend Acts.
D
The most controversial expansion of the president's power, in attempting to set the nation's policy agenda, has come through the a. veto power. b. appointment power. c. pardon power. d. commander in chief power. e. legislative power.
D
The phrase "divided government" refers to a. Democrats and Republicans agreeing on a coalition government. b. the separation of powers among the three branches. c. specialization in Congress based on committees. d. one party controlling the presidency and another controlling Congress. e. Congress and the president being opposed by the Supreme Court.
D
The president has the power to appoint all but which of the following? a. federal district and circuit court judges b. ambassadors c. cabinet members d. Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives e. Supreme Court justices
D
The primary goal of interest groups is to a. educate the public about issues. b. sponsor candidates for elections. c. fight corruption in government. d. influence public policy. e. provide campaign donations.
D
Today the largest sector of unionized workers is a. auto workers. b. university employees. c. agricultural workers. d. municipal government employees. e. pipefitters and plumbers.
D
Today, there are _________ cabinet departments. a. four b. eight c. twelve d. fifteen e. twenty-six
D
Upon ratification, the Constitution directed for senators to be chosen by a. a general election. b. the president. c. the Supreme Court. d. state legislatures. e. existing senators.
D
When President Lincoln instituted a blockade of southern ports, thereby committing an act of war, he did so a. under his constitutional power as commander in chief. b. under emergency powers granted by the Constitution. c. under his constitutional power to tax and spend for the general welfare. d. by claiming inherent powers to preserve the Union. e. constitutionally with the authority of Congress.
D
Which of the following is not a role of interest groups? a. representation in government b. program monitoring c. agenda building d. electing government officials e. political participation
D
Which of these scenarios is an example of divided government? a. The federal government imposes a mandate on all state governments. b. Third parties interrupt the election results for democrats and republicans. c. The president decides to veto legislation that has been passed through Congress. d. The elected president is a democrat but Congress is controlled by republicans. e. Gridlock prevents the passage of legislation through Congress.
D
_____ power of the presidency stems from authority that is not clearly specified in the Constitution and results in actions that exceed commonly held notions of the president's authority. a. Regressive b. Formal c. Implied d. Inherent e. Executive
D
__________ made important strides in foreign relations, completing an important arms control agreement with the Soviet Union and beginning negotiations with China, a country with which the United States had no formal prior diplomatic relations. a. John F. Kennedy b. Gerald Ford c. Jimmy Carter d. Richard Nixon e. Harry Truman
D
According to the text, interest groups cannot exist without a(n) __________ foundation. a. ideological b. pedagogical c. partisan d. populist e. financial
E
All of the following are constitutional requirements for the presidency EXCEPT that the president must a. be U.S.-born. b. be at least 35 years old. c. have lived in the United States for a minimum of 14 years. d. be a citizen. e. have a college degree.
E
An incumbent advantage that permits members of Congress to keep in touch with constituents by sending mailings at the taxpayer's expense is known as a. casework. b. reciprocity. c. gerrymandering. d. communication allowance. e. the franking privilege.
E
Bills are assigned to committees primarily on the basis of a. the president's recommendation. b. a vote among members of the political party. c. a hierarchy of committees expressing an interest in the legislation. d. taking turns among committee chairs who request the legislation be assigned to their committee. e. subject matter jurisdiction.
E
If legislation becomes stalled in the Senate, who is responsible for advising the president of the status of the legislation? a. the Cabinet head associated with the legislation b. majority whip c. vice-president of the U.S. d. Speaker of the House e. legislative liaison staff
E
In 2011 congressional parties formally banned _________, which are pork-barrel projects that benefit specific districts or states. a. categorical funds b. bylines c. redactions d. delineations e. earmarks
E
Individual lobbies spend vast sums as they try to influence legislation and recent filings with Congress listed around _________ in annual spending through lobbying. a. $100 million b. $500 million c. $750 million d. $1 billion e. $3 billion
E
President Jimmy Carter noted that the president's singular responsibility was "representing all the people" and blamed _______ for distorting this purpose. a. preferred programs b. wars c. political candidates d. constituents e. interest groups
E
President Nixon's imposition of wage and price controls was an example of a. the constitutional provision that the president "shall regulate the economy." b. an inherent power. c. unconstitutional powers. d. commander in chief powers. e. a congressional delegation of power to the president.
E
Presidential vetoes tend to increase when a. it is the president's second term. b. the Supreme Court exercises judicial review with some frequency. c. members of the House and Senate are facing an election. d. the legislation involves civil rights. e. the opposite party controls Congress.
E
The American Farm Bureau Federation which tries to influence public policy decisions that affect farmers is an example of a(n) a. super PAC. b. PAC. c. cabinet department. d. political party. e. interest group.
E
The Executive Office of the President employs around _________ individuals and has an annual budget of $500 million. a. 4,500 b. 14,000 c. 9,000 d. 500 e. 2,000
E
The central dynamic of pluralist democracy consists of the interaction of a. interest groups and the people. b. political practices and political traditions. c. pluralism and majoritarianism. d. practitioners and policymakers. e. interest groups and government.
E
The power to declare war resides with the a. Senate only. b. president only. c. House of Representatives alone. d. Armed Services Committee. e. House and Senate together.
E
The so-called "supercommittee" created in 2011 to issue recommendations for reducing the deficit, which included members from both the House and Senate, is an example of a(n) a. standing committee. b. subcommittee. c. joint committee. d. conference committee. e. select committee.
E
When George Washington formed his first cabinet, it contained all of the following EXCEPT a. a secretary of state. b. an attorney general. c. a secretary of treasurer. d. a secretary of war. e. a secretary of housing.
E
When it comes to interest groups, the Internet has become an increasingly important means of a. decreasing competition b. reputation development. c. educating legislators. d. educating opposing groups. e. soliciting new members.
E
Which of the following PACs contributed the most during the 2014 congressional elections? a. National Association of Realtors b. Facebook PAC c. International Garment Workers Union d. DEFPAC (Defense Contractors) e. American Federation of Teachers
E
Which of the following is NOT a guideline that determines what a president should do in times of crisis? a. draw on a range of advisers and opinions b. not act in unnecessary haste c. have a well-designed, formal review process, with thorough analysis and open debate d. rigorously examine the underlying reasons underlying all options e. expeditiously remove all members from your your Cabinet who fail to engage in Groupthink
E
Which of the following wars was fought without a formal congressional declaration of war? a. War of 1812 b. Spanish-American War c. World War I d. World War II e. Vietnam War
E
Which voting behavior by a representative indicates delegate behavior? a. voting with the representative's party on an issue b. voting with the president on a bill if the president promises to campaign for that representative at reelection time c. voting the way the representative thinks best, even if the vote is against the wishes of a large number of constituents d. trading votes on an issue of low importance with another House member to gain a voting favor on another bill e. voting according to the results of a telephone survey regarding the preference of district constituents
E
Work performed by Congressional staff members on behalf of constituents is called a. franking. b. appropriation. c. unethical influence peddling. d. lobbying. e. casework
E
_________ believe that interest groups further democracy by broadening representation within the system. a. Majoritarians b. Elitists c. Oligarchs d. Humanitarians e. Pluralists
E
