Chapter 11

According to the fossil record, the first modern humans appeared approximately:

200,000

Which of the species listed in the graph above are we, Homo sapiens, least likely to be directly descended from?

Australopithecus (robust)

Which of the following species of humans never migrated out of Africa?

Homo ergaster

Why is the amniotic egg considered a key evolutionary innovation?

It greatly increases the survival rate of an egg laid in a terrestrial environment.

Birds have scaly feet and lay amniotic eggs. This supports the idea that:

birds evolved from reptiles.

Which of the following is the BEST evidence of organized social groups among early Homo species?

burial sites exhibiting evidence of rituals

Three major distinguishing features of the primates are that they have binocular vision, arms that can rotate in their sockets, and __________.

fingers that can grasp objects.

Which of the following anatomical characteristics of humans can be traced back to our arboreal origins?

forward-directed eyes

Feathers are to birds as __________ are to _______________.

fur to mamals

Some general evolutionary change trends in animals include:

larger body size, bilateral symmetry, and an enclosed, fluid-filled body cavity.

Which of the following is NOT one of the major evolutionary adaptations that occurred as animals moved from water to land?

swim bladder

As mammals evolved, there was a gradual transition from bodies with short legs to bodies with longer legs, held vertically beneath the trunk of the animal. Which of the following was a result of this anatomical change in early mammals?

the animals could run faster after prey

Which of the following is NOT true about Neandertals?

they lived primarily in Africa