Chapter 11 Nervous

There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves and _____ pairs of spinal nerves.

12; 31

The motor neurons responsible for making a fist are

multipolar.

Gaps or interruptions in the myelin sheath are called

nodes of Ranvier.

Multiple sclerosis is a neurological disorder in which myelin sheaths in the CNS are destroyed. Which of the following neuroglial cells is being damaged in multiple sclerosis?

oligodendrocyte

Digestion of food is regulated by the

parasympathetic division of the ANS.

Neurotransmitters are released from the

presynaptic terminal.

Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters and are present in the

presynaptic terminals.

The junction of a neuron with another cell is a/an

synapse.

Axons contain

the trigger zone.

The motor (efferent) division of the peripheral nervous system

transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscle.

dendrites

Identify structure "A" on the neuron.

The sensory (afferent) division of the peripheral nervous system

conveys action potentials to the CNS.

The peripheral nervous system includes the

cranial nerves.

Enkephalins produce presynaptic inhibition in neurons transmitting pain signals. Increased levels of enkephalins will

decrease awareness of pain.

Overproduction of cerebrospinal fluid could be the result of overactivity of the

ependymal cells.

Action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is

from node to node on a myelinated axon.

Cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system are located in

ganglia.

Damage to a postsynaptic membrane would

interfere with the ability to respond to neurotransmitter.

A neuron within the central nervous system that carries action potentials from one neuron to another is called a(n)____________.

interneuron

The nervous system

interprets or assesses information. maintains homeostasis. transmits information in the form of action potentials. monitors internal and external stimuli.

Which of the following is mismatched? A. autonomic nervous system - sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions B. peripheral nervous system - spinal nerves C. central nervous system - brain D. somatic nervous system - sensory division of PNS E. peripheral nervous system - sensory and motor divisions

D. somatic nervous system - sensory division of PNS

Which of the following situations occurs in electrically excitable cells?

Depolarization causes voltage-gated sodium ion channels to open.

Dendrites

are the input part of the neuron.

synaptic vesicle

The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse. What does "B" represent?

Saltatory conduction of an action potential means that

an action potential is conducted from one node of Ranvier to the next node.

A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called

an all-or-none response.

A neuroglial cell that is a major component of the blood-brain barrier is the

astrocyte.

The function of acetylcholinesterase is to

breakdown acetylcholine in the synapse.

Which of the following is responsible for problem-solving skills?

central nervous system

A neuromodulator

is a substance released from neurons that influences the sensitivity of neurons to neurotransmitters.

During the absolute refractory period, the cell

is insensitive to further stimulation.

The blood-brain barrier

protects neurons from toxic substances in the blood.

The central nervous system includes the

spinal cord.

If the charge difference across the plasma membrane is decreased,

the membrane potential is more positive.

Chemical synapses are characterized by

the release of neurotransmitter by the presynaptic terminal.