Chapter 11 Part 2

______ is a strong predictor of a person's willingness to help others.

Empathy

Studies of childhood behavior and sexual orientation are

correlational.

Sexual orientation is determined by

the influence of many factors.

According to research in which of the following situations are men more likely than women to help? Select all that may apply.

A woman is being slapped by a male A child's kitten is stuck in a tree A woman has a flat tire on the highway

Identify the correct statements.

All gay men are males All lesbian women are females

Which of the following statements best describes Americans' current attitudes towards gays and lesbians?

Americans are becoming more accepting and positive in their attitudes toward gays and lesbians.

Genes may play role in sexual orientation through their effect on development.

Brain

Which statement best reflects the well-being of children raised by gay and lesbian families?

Children raised by gay men and lesbian women are just as well-adjusted as children raised by heterosexual couples.

Identify which of the following statements are true regarding gender differences in expressing empathy.

Empathy is tied to being able to understand another's feelings Theory of mind is having a sense of another person's inner world Women tended to demonstrate an advantage over men in theory of mind

True or false: A vast majority of parents who have raised a homosexual child are also homosexual themselves.

False

True or false: Children who have same-sex sexual experiences are more likely to become homosexual in adulthood.

False

True or false: Homosexual behavior is a unique human experience. It is not found in any other species.

False

True or false: Research has shown that men are significantly more preoccupied with sex than women are.

False

True or false: Sexual orientation only refers to a person's sexual behavior.

False

True or false: Studies of childhood behavior are experimental and can determine the causes of sexual orientation.

False

True or false: Using profanity and derogatory words toward a neighbor is considered relational aggression.

False

______ is an example of a spatial task.

Imagining objects rotating in space

Hyde's gender similarities hypothesis states that

Men and women are more alike than different Boys and girls are more similar than different

Which of the following statements is true regarding emotional experiences of men and women?

Men report more feelings of anger and irritability than women do.

How would a researcher who uses the social cognitive perspective explain differences in the cognitive abilities of men and women?

Parental expectations and punishments, not cognitive differences, account for the variation in career choices for men and women.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the findings of research on the origins of sexual orientation?

Sexual orientation is not a choice, but an integral part of the functioning human being. It is influenced by many factors.

Which of the following statements are true regarding the stability of sexual orientation?

Sexual orientation may change over the life span Bisexual orientation tends to remain the same over time Heterosexual orientation tends to remain stable over time

Shirley is making a presentation to her work group and trying to impress her boss. One of her co-workers keeps interrupting and criticizing her. She is getting angrier and angrier. According to research, why is she less likely to express her anger in this meeting?

She is concerned that she will be judged harshly by her boss

Which difference in brains was found through brain-imaging techniques that indicate differences between heterosexual and homosexual individuals?

The corpus callosum is thicker in homosexual males.

True or false: Factors in prenatal development may set the stage for sexual orientation.

True

True or false: Gay and lesbian couples are more likely to end a relationship compared with heterosexual married couples.

True

True or false: The role that genes play in sexual orientation is minimal and is not as influential as they are for other factors.

True

True or false: less than half of households established by gay or lesbian parents includes children.

True

Men experience emotion ______ women do.

about the same as

According to research, the strongest gender differences between males and females are evident in which area?

aggression

Gender differences appear to be strongest in the area of

aggression

Gender differences appear to be strongest in the area of .

aggression

According to research on prenatal development, levels of ______ may be responsible for impacting sexual orientation in women.

androgens

Research suggests that homosexual adults are more likely than heterosexual adults to remember themselves engaging in gender-nonconforming .

behaviors

According to the ______ approach to psychology, males behave aggressively because they have higher levels of testosterone than women do.

biological

In terms of sexuality the gender differences between men and women are due to hormones. This is an example of which theoretical approach to gender differences in sexuality?

biological

If you were sexually attracted to both males and females your sexual orientation would be categorized as

bisexual

Research shows that boys who are gender typical in their behavior turn out to be

bisexual, gay, or straight.

One of the biggest predictors of the well-being of gays and lesbians is their ability to cope with which of the following?

discrimination prejudice

Courtney was very sad when her dog died. She was crying when she told her friend. Her friend started crying too. This is an example of

empathy.

Women are emotional and men are not. This is an example of what type of stereotype?

gender and emotion

The fact that men and women are much more alike than they are different reflects the notion of Hyde's hypothesis.

gender similarities

To examine the of genetic influences on sexual orientation, researchers use twin studies to show us to what extent we can explain sexual orientation from genetic material.

heritability

The majority of people identify themselves as ______, regardless of culture.

heterosexual

Homosexual couples are less likely to stay in an unsatisfying relationship than heterosexuals because

heterosexuals are more likely to have children and stay in the relationship for the children's sakes.

Stephon can not stop thinking about being with Julie. In this situation Stephon's sexual orientation is categorized as

hetrosexual

Recent brain-imaging techniques found that the symmetry of the left and the right hemispheres in heterosexual females was more similar to males.

homosexual

Gender differences in emotion are ______ tied to social context than to biology

more often

Males tend to show higher levels of aggression, which includes fighting and committing acts of violence.

overt

The corpus callosum is thicker in homosexual males.

parenting styles

Experiences that arouse emotion for men are more often ______ in nature and ______ for women.

positive; negative

Women score high on levels of ______ aggression, which includes behavior such as talking negatively about someone.

relational

The term ______ refers to people's perceptions about their desires, feelings, and behaviors, and how those factors direct their sexual interests.

sexual orientation

Our refers to the ways we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings, and involves activity associated with sexual pleasure.

sexuality

Someone who subscribes to the ______ perspective might suggest that women are less aggressive because they are taught early on that fighting is bad.

social cognitive

Which theoretical approach to gender differences in sexuality focuses on the way we learn about appropriate sexual behavior?

social cognitive theories

Research indicates that women outperform men on cognitive tasks related to ______ and that men outperform women on cognitive tasks related to ______.

verbal ability; spatial ability