Chapter 11 Project Management

19. Establishing a team identity is facilitated by: A. Team members working in a common space B. Creation of a project team name C. Effective use of meetings D. Both A and B are correct E. A, B, and C are all correct

. A, B, and C are all correct

20. The essential qualities of an effective vision include all of the following except: A. All team members have the same vision B. The vision should be communicated to all C. The vision has to make strategic sense D. There should be a passion for the vision E. The vision should be a source of inspiration to others

A. All team members have the same vision

34. Which of the following is not one of the tips for alleviating communication problems of virtual teams? A. Include face-to-face time if at all possible B. Keep team members informed on how well the overall project is going C. Share the pain D. Establish clear norms and protocols for surfacing assumptions and conflicts E. Establish a code of conduct to avoid delays

A. Include face-to-face time if at all possible

4. During which stage of team development do close relationships develop and the group demonstrates cohesiveness? A. Norming B. Storming C. Performing D. Adjourning E. Forming

A. Norming

8. Sam is the coach of a high school soccer team and has noticed that some close relationships have formed as well as feelings of camaraderie and shared responsibilities for the team's success. Which stage of development is the team in? A. Norming B. Storming C. Performing D. Adjourning E. Forming

A. Norming

33. Which of the following is not one of the most significant sources of conflict during the project execution phase? A. Priorities B. Staff issues C. Schedule slippage D. Technical problems E. All of these are significant sources of conflict

A. Priorities

27. During the delivery phase of a project's life cycle, the most significant source of conflict is: A. Schedules B. Priorities C. Technical D. Procedures E. Costs

A. Schedules

26. Which of the following is not one of the steps in facilitating group decision making? A. Identifying the problem B. Analyzing the situation C. Generating alternatives D. Reaching a decision E. Follow-up

B. Analyzing the situation

23. The first step in facilitating group decision making is to: A. Call a meeting to discuss the problem B. Identify the problem C. Agree that there is a problem D. Quantify the problem E. Generate alternatives

B. Identify the problem

3. During which stage of team development do members accept that they are part of a project group but resist the constraints that the project and the group put on their individuality? A. Norming B. Storming C. Performing D. Adjourni

B. Storming

9. Roger is new-product project manager for a retail company. Recently the team has exhibited a high degree of conflict over who will control the group and how decisions will be made. Which stage of development is the team in? A. Norming B. Storming C. Performing D. Adjourning E. Forming

B. Storming

21. Which of the following would be considered the most effective project reward? A. Individual member rewards B. Lump-sum cash award C. All-expenses-paid trip for team members and their families D. Using negative reinforcement to motivate adequate performance E. All of these are equally effective

C. All-expenses-paid trip for team members and their families

5. During which stage of team development is the team fully functional and accepted? A. Norming B. Storming C. Performing D. Adjourning E. Forming

C. Performing

12. In which of the following theories does the project group transition from a lower level to a higher level of performance about halfway through the project? A. Nominal Group Technique B. Five Stage Team Development Model C. Punctuated Equilibrium Model of Group Development D. Dysfunctional Transition Model E. Synergistic Transition Development Model

C. Punctuated Equilibrium Model of Group Development

6. During which stage of team development is high performance not a top priority and team member emotions run from upbeat to depressed? A. Norming B. Storming C. Performing D. Adjourning E. Forming

D. Adjourning

13. Which of the following are considered very important in the recruiting of project members? A. The budget available B. The importance of the project C. The management structure for the project team D. Both B and C are correct E. A, B, and C are all correct

D. Both B and C are correct

25. The biggest challenge to managing a virtual project team is: A. Getting reports and technical information communicated B. Developing trust C. Establishing effective patterns of communication D. Both B and C are correct E. A, B, and C are all correct

D. Both B and C are correct

28. Two of the biggest challenges involved in managing a virtual project team are: A. The language barriers and time management B. Time management and developing trust C. The language barriers and developing effective patterns of communication D. Developing trust and effective patterns of communication E. Time management and developing effective patterns of communication

D. Developing trust and effective patterns of communication

14. Which of the following is not one of the considerations that need to be factored into the project team recruitment process? A. Political connections B. Problem-solving ability C. Ambition, initiative, and energy D. High degree of technological expertise E. Availability

D. High degree of technological expertise

2. Which of the following is commonly associated with high-performing project teams? A. Risk taking is controlled and not allowed to jeopardize the overall project B. Roles and specific responsibilities are well-defined C. A degree of competition among team members is encouraged D. Mistakes are viewed as opportunities for learning E. All of these are associated with high-performing teams

D. Mistakes are viewed as opportunities for learning

11. Experience and research indicate that high-performance project teams are much more likely to develop under all the following conditions except: A. Members are assigned to the project full time B. Members report solely to the project manager C. There are 10 or fewer members per team D. Team members are selected by their managers E. The project involves a compelling objective

D. Team members are selected by their managers

1. The essence of positive synergy can be found in the phrase: A. Front of ship sink---back of ship sink B. There is no "I" in team C. Two heads are better than one D. The whole is greater than the sum of the parts E. If it doesn't kill you, it makes you stronger

D. The whole is greater than the sum of the parts

15. Which of the following is an objective of the first project team meeting? A. Overview the project's scope and objectives B. Address interpersonal interaction concerns C. Model how the team will work together D. Both A and C are correct E. A, B, and C are all correct

E. A, B, and C are all correct

17. Researchers have found that high performance teams will have which of the following norms? A. Hard work does not get in the way of having fun B. No information is shared outside the team unless all agree to it C. It is acceptable to be in trouble, but not to surprise others D. Both B and C are correct E. A, B, and C are all correct

E. A, B, and C are all correct

30. Which of the following are ways to improve the performance of low-priority projects? A. Creating a large time investment in the form of a lengthy meeting B. Interject as much fun as possible into the project C. Make the benefits of the project as real as possible to the team members D. Both B and C are correct E. A, B, and C are all correct

E. A, B, and C are all correct

18. All of the following have been found to be good for running effective project meetings except: A. Start meetings on time regardless of whether everyone is present B. Identify an adjournment time C. Thoroughly document all decisions D. Prepare and distribute an agenda prior to the meeting E. All of these are good for effective meetings

E. All of these are good for effective meetings

29. Symptoms of groupthink include: A. The team thinking it is invincible B. Opinions of those outside the team are considered to be irrelevant C. Critical thinking disappears D. Pressure is applied to any dissenter E. All of these are symptoms of groupthink

E. All of these are symptoms of groupthink

22. Individual rewards for outstanding work would not include: A. Letters of commendation B. Public recognition C. Desirable job assignments D. Making exceptions to the rules E. All of these can be used for individual rewards

E. All of these can be used for individual rewards

16. Which of the following is not one of the major issues that successful project managers must address in the early stages of a project? A. Relationship Decisions B. Managing Change Decisions C. Tracking Decisions D. Planning Decisions E. All of these need to be addressed

E. All of these need to be addressed

31. Which of the following is not one of the most significant sources of conflict during the project definition phase? A. Priorities B. Administrative procedures C. Schedule D. Workforce E. Costs

E. Costs

32. Which of the following is not one of the most significant sources of conflict during the project planning phase? A. Priorities B. Procedures C. Schedule D. Technical requirements E. Costs

E. Costs

24. Strategies to manage dysfunctional conflict do not include _____ the conflict. A. Control B. Arbitrate C. Mediate D. Accept E. Encourage

E. Encourage

10. Tom is managing a project team responsible for erecting a new office building. He notices that team members are trying out different behaviors to see what is acceptable to the project and personal relations. Which stage of development is the team in? A. Norming B. Storming C. Performing D. Adjourning E. Forming

E. Forming

7. During which stage of team development do team members try to find out what behaviors are acceptable and what performance expectations are? A. Norming B. Storming C. Performing D. Adjourning E. Forming

E. Forming

61. There is a high degree of internal conflict in the forming stage of team development.

FALSE

62. The storming stage of team development is completed once members begin to think of themselves as part of a group.

FALSE

63. The performing stage of team development is characterized by the development of close relationships and group cohesiveness.

FALSE

65. Regardless of the type of work group, the adjourning stage of team development is the final stage.

FALSE

67. A project manager should always look for people with good problem-solving ability.

FALSE

71. Everyone on the project team should have the same vision of the project.

FALSE

73. Lump-sum cash bonuses are the preferred group reward for project teams.

FALSE

76. A project manager should identify a problem in terms of its alternate solutions so that team members can more easily reach a decision on how to solve the problem.

FALSE

78. A project manager arbitrates conflict by intervening and attempting to negotiate a resolution by using reasoning and persuasion, suggesting alternatives and the like.

FALSE

81. "Going native" is the ability that some project teams have to bypass the normal policies and procedures that everyone in the organization is supposed to follow.

FALSE

82. In order to match technology to the communication need, IBM developed a set of guidelines to be used on their virtual projects.

FALSE

51. ________ should be used when strong commitment to a decision is needed and there is a low probability of acceptance if the decision were to be made by one person.

Group decision making

44. _______ are often considered anathema to productivity, yet they are critical to the success of any project.

Meetings

35. ________ occurs when the whole is less than the sum of its parts.

Negative synergy

55. ___________ refers to whether a team has direct influence over the problem that needs to be resolved.

Ownership

41. The ________ suggests that about midway through a project the team transitions into a different behavior pattern more focused on the successful completion of the project.

Punctuated Equilibrium Model of Group Development

60. Synergy can be both negative as well as positive.

TRUE

64. The norming stage of team development is complete when the group establishes a common set of expectations about how members should work together.

TRUE

66. The Punctuated Equilibrium Model of group development has only two phases with a single transition joining them.

TRUE

68. A project manager should be wary of people who know too much about a specific technology.

TRUE

69. Co-location of team members, team names, and team rituals are common vehicles for establishing a team identity.

TRUE

70. A project vision is an image a project team holds in common about how the project will look upon completion, how they will work together, and how customers will accept the project.

TRUE

72. Most project managers advocate the use of group rewards rather than individual rewards.

TRUE

74. Letters of commendation, public recognition for outstanding work, and desirable job assignments are the preferred types of individual rewards.

TRUE

75. Group decision making should be used when strong commitment to the decision is needed and there is a low probability of acceptance if only one person makes the decision.

TRUE

77. Team members can be upset and dissatisfied with conflict, but as long as the disagreement furthers the objectives of the project, then the conflict is functional.

TRUE

79. Groupthink refers to the tendency of members in highly cohesive groups to lose their critical evaluative capabilities resulting in quick decision making with little consideration of alternatives.

TRUE

80. Two of the biggest challenges involved in managing a virtual project team are developing trust and effective patterns of communication.

TRUE

38. During the ________ stage of group development, the team prepares for its own disbandment.

adjourning

53. In the ________ approach to managing conflict, the manager imposes a solution to the conflict after listening to each party.

arbitrate the conflict

42. Experienced project managers stress the importance of ________ rather than appointing team members.

asking for volunteers

56. When a project team gets things done without having to go through normal protocols of the parent organization, it may fall into the ____________.

bureaucratic bypass syndrome

59. In order to match technology to the communication need, 3M developed guidelines to be used on __________ projects.

distributed or virtual

58. Project managers should manage ___________ conflict.

dysfunctional

37. During the ________ stage of group development, the members try to find out what behaviors are acceptable to the team and individual team members.

forming

57. Project managers should encourage ___________ conflict.

functional

43. Too often when constrained by time, project managers try to accomplish too much during the first meeting, rather than use the ________ principle and not create information overload.

keep it simple stupid (KISS)

52. When the manager intervenes and tries to negotiate a resolution by using reasoning and persuasion, suggesting alternatives and the like the Project Manager is trying to ___________.

mediate the conflict

50. The use of 6:30 A.M. meetings to get a project back on schedule is an example of ______ reinforcement to motivate project performance.

negative

39. During the ________ stage of group development, close relationships develop and the group demonstrates cohesiveness.

norming

40. During the ________ stage of group development, the team is fully functional and working together to accomplishing the project goals.

performing

47. The development of _________________ is a common device for making a team more tangible.

project team name

46. In the Snapshot from Practice involving the Tallahassee Democrat newspaper, the key turning point was the handling of an advertisement, eventually known as the ________ that had been sent to the newspaper over a fax machine.

rat fax

49. Project managers are responsible for managing the ________ that encourage team performance and extra effort.

reward systems

During the ________ stage of group development, there is conflict over who will control the group and how decisions will be made.

storming

45. Symbolic actions at the project level can contribute to a unique team subculture are called ________.

team rituals

54. In a ________ project team the members are geographically situated so that they may seldom meet face-to-face as a team.

virtual

48. Expressing the design concept of a new car as a "pocket rocket" (a sports car in the midprice range) is an example of a simplified ________.

vision