Chapter 11

In the Old South, the percentage of white families that owned slaves was approximately

25%

In 1839, fifty-three slaves took control of this ship in an attempt to reroute to Africa.

Amistad

Blacks, free and slave, took part in the Great Awakening of the colonial area, and even more were swept into these southern religions during religious revivals into the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries:

Baptist and Methodist

Given the primitive nature of professional medical treatment, some whites sought out slave healers instead of trained physicians. T/F

True

Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves, North and South, henceforth and forever more. T/F

False

During the early to mid-1800s, sugar produced in the slave South was America's leading export. T/F

False

In the fifty years following the end of the international slave trade in 1808, the number of slaves in the United States fell by 50 percent. T/F

False

Slaves on cotton plantations found harsher work conditions but greater autonomy than did those on rice plantations. T/F

False

The Underground Railroad ran on steel tracks (after its iron ones were replaced) that were generally hidden in forest growth. T/F

False

By 1860, the economic investment represented by the slave population exceeded the value of the nation's factories, railroads, and banks combined. T/F

True

By the mid-nineteenth century, all states had made it illegal to kill a slave except in self-defense. T/F

True

During the mid-1800s, the roles of slave men and women were as divided as the roles for white men and women. T/F

True

For slaves, slavery meant constant fear that their families might be destroyed by sale, incessant toil, and brutal punishment. T/F

True

Slaves had many ways to "quietly" resist the power of the slaveowners—from feigning illness, to wrecking tools, to performing inadequate labor. T/F

True

The reliance on unfree labor extended to the use of renting slaves from plantation owners. T/F

True

Which is not part of the generally accepted account of the 1822 conspiracy led by Denmark Vesey?

Vesey and his followers killed or maimed 37 whites.

The southern state with the highest population of free blacks was

Virginia.

By 1860, more than half of the United States' exports were in

cotton

"Slave patrols" were

farmers who kept a lookout for runaway slaves.

Nat Turner

led an 1831 slave uprising in Virginia, killing about sixty whites.

Most slaves who arrived in the North as a means of escaping slavery did so

on their own initiative.

What was the result of the Missouri court case involving the "crime" of Celia?

she was sentenced to death.

The Second Middle Passage was

the slave trade from the older states to the Lower South.

While owners attempted to prevent slaves from learning about the larger world, slaves created neighborhood networks, such as

transmitting information gleaned on ships.

In the mid 1800s, few plantations had dedicated buildings for slave worship so most slaves

worshipped in secret or in biracial churches with white ministers.