Chapter 12

Approximately how many slaves joined Christian denominations by 1860?

20 percent

In the antebellum period, which of the following was in the Old Southwest?

Mississippi

Why were theories of racial superiority significant in the South?

They created a sense of unity that bridged class divisions among most southern whites.

Southerners used all of the following to justify slavery EXCEPT

Thomas Jefferson's words in the Declaration of Independence

Life in the Old Southwest was characterized

all of the above

The Old Southwest

attracted thousands of settlers in the 1820s and 1830s with its promise of cotton production

As southerners moved farther west and south between 1812 and 1860:

cotton production soared

By the 1830s, most Baptists and Methodists in the South

defended slavery

William Lloyd Garrison

demanded immediate emancipation of slaves

Sarah and Angelina Grimké

demanded women's rights as well as abolition

If poor southern whites seemed lazy it was likely because of

dietary deficiencies and diseases like hookworm

In the antebellum period, southerners viewed their region as

distinctive from the rest of the country

Slave owners in the antebellum South acquired additional slaves from

domestic slave trade

Despite a great diversity of origins in the colonial population, the South

drew few overseas immigrants after the Revolution

All of the following are true about Sojourner Truth, EXCEPT that

she killed her master to escape from slavery

Free blacks in the South

sometimes owned slaves

The frequency of dueling in the South was probably caused by

southerners' exalted sense of honor

Plantation mistresses

supervised the domestic household

Small farmers in the South

supported white supremacy

By the 1830s, John C. Calhoun was arguing

that slavery was a "positive good"

Because of the dominance of agriculture, the South was becoming increasingly dependent upon:

the North

The focus on cotton and other cash crops has obscured the degree to which:

the antebellum South fed itself from its own fields

Slave owners in the antebellum South acquired additional slaves from:

the domestic slave trade

The major reason the South did not industrialize was that:

the profitability of plantation slavery reduced the motivation to industrialize

The killing of Elijah Lovejoy showed

the rampant racism in the North

Gullah refers to

the slave culture of coastal Georgia and South Carolina

The Tredegar Iron Works

was the most important single manufacturing enterprise in the Old South

Slave rebellions in the South

were sometimes betrayed before they started

Frederick Douglass

wrote a famous account of his life as a slave

When in 1855 a slave named Celia killed her sexually abusive master, she was:

hanged

By 1860, slavery was most concentrated:

in the Lower South

Before slavery became institutionalized in the South, enslaved workers were initially treated like:

indentured servants

By the antebellum period, all of the following remained significant staple crops in the South EXCEPT:

indigo

The debate over slavery split Methodists and Baptists

into northern and southern denominations

The slave revolt led by Nat Turner

killed dozens of whites before its suppression

The slave revolt led by Nat Turner:

killed more than 50 whites before its suppression

Most slaves in the lower South:

labored on large plantations

Slave religion

mixed African and Christian elements

Slave religion:

mixed African and Christian elements

Salve women

often worked in the fields

What portion of the South's white population had a proprietary interest in slaves?

one fourth

Southern planters

owned at least twenty slaves

The movie Gone with the Wind

presents a mythic view of the Old South

The impact of African culture on slave culture:

remained evident in African American culture long after slavery ended

On what basis did John Quincy Adams, "Old Man Eloquent," protest the "gag rule" concerning abolition petitions?

It violated the First Amendment

The efforts of the American Colonization Society resulted in the creation of the African nation of

Liberia

In Charleston, blacks outnumbered whites, leaving the ruling

elite almost hysterically determined to quash any slave uprising

The rapid expansion of the cotton belt in the South:

ensured that the region became more dependent on enslaved black workers

Harriet Beecher Stowe's book, Uncle Tom's Cabin:

exposed the dark side of southern culture

The plantation mistress:

generally confronted a double standard in terms of moral and sexual behavior