Chapter 12 and 13 Edo Japan

southern barbarians

1543 off the shore of Japan, their Portuguese ship was wrecked. They did not get along with the Japanese, as the Portuguese had Renaissance values and competition. The Japanese called them?

social structure

By this system, society was composed of samurai (侍 shi), farming peasants (農 nō), artisans (工 kō) and merchants (商 shō). The system was meant to reinforce their position of power in society by justifying their ruling status.

Francis Xavier

He arrived in 1549 to start a new mission, hoping to convert the Samurai and Daimyo to become Christian

Confucius

He stressed the need for proper rituals and compassion. Famous saying "what you do not wish for yourself, do not do to others."Confucius was a Chinese scholar whos teachings for moral living were brought to Japan by the Buddhist monks. He taught that everyone has a proper place in society. If everyone knew there place, there would be order

Ainu

Japan's indigenous people

bankers

Merchants bought and traded items for artisans, they also stored rice in their warehouses, who were they similar to?

Shinto

The ancient religion based on the belief that sacred spirits called Kami

gonin gumi

The inhabitants of towns and villages throughout the country were required to form ("five-household groups"), or neighbourhood associations, to foster joint responsibility for tax payment, to prevent offenses against the laws Lower classes were organised into what group?

cherry blossoms

These trees represent new beginnings, beauty and the shortness of beauty in life.

homogenous society

They are unified by family values and similar beliefs.

Peasants

They came second because they produced the most important commodity, food. According to Confucian philosophy, society could not survive without agriculture.

merchants

They were at the bottom of the social order because they generated wealth without producing any goods.

Samurai

They were placed at the top of society because they started an order and set a high moral example for others to follow.

artisans

Third in society were this group because they produced nonessential goods.

Tokagawa

Who ruled the Edo period of Japan and when was this period? the period of 1600-1868

Shogun

a Japanese military ruler in Edo Japan

Ritual

a celebration or ceremony observed with regularity.

Izanami

a female Japanese god or divine being

Izanagi

a male Japanese god or divine being

Daimyo

a powerful Japanese land owner or noble

Ethical Codes

a set of principles of conduct within an organization that guide decision making and behavior

Shogunate

a strong council of advisors, officials and administrators

Tsunami

a strong destructive wave caused by earthquakes or volcano eruptions on the ocean floor.

Kami

any of the sacred beings worshiped in Shinto, considered as spirits abiding in nature

Hereditary

determined by birth

Matsuri

festivals held every spring and fall to please the gods. This is the Japanese word for a festival or holiday.

Monsoon

is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation

Archipelago

long chain of many islands

Samurai

professional paid members of the Japanese military

Philosopher

someone who studies truth and principles that underlie human conduct

Confucianism

teachings brought to Japan from Buddhist monks

Japanese flag

the circle represents sun, the white represents honesty

Kamuy

the gods of nature of the Ainu

Filial Piety

the important virtue and primary duty of respect, obedience, and care for one's parents and elderly family members.

Assimilation

the process whereby a minority group gradually adapts to the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture and customs

Stoic

used to describe a person who can control their emotions and endure different experiences with patience

Isolated

when a person or group is set apart or cut off by geography or by social barriers.