Chapter 12: Bio 2 Final Review

Active immunity to tetanus, whooping cough, and polio can be artificially acquired when we receive______?

Vaccines

Which of the following is NOT a cell that behaves as an antigen-presenting cell?

Virus

What are tissue grafts harvested from a different animal species called?

Xenografts

An _______ is any substance capable of mobilizing our immune system and provoking an immune response?

Antigen

Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are the four most common indicators of?

Acute inflammation

Which of the following are harmful or disease-causing microorganisms from which nonspecific defenses protect the body?

Allergens

Systemic (body-wide) acute allergic response caused by allergens that directly enter the blood, as with certain bee stings or spider bites, is called______?

Anaphylactic shock

Lymph is largely composed of water that has escaped from?

Blood

Which of the following is NOT one of the four most common indicators of the inflammatory response?

Chills

What type of cell specializes in killing virus-infected, cancer, or foreign graft cells directly?

Cytotoxic T cells

Excess accumulations of fluid, which impair the exchange of materials within the tissues, is called?

Edema

All lymph flows in a one-way system toward the?

Heart

AIDS cripples the immune system by interfering with the activity of cells called?

Helper T cells

Which system is a functional system, not an organ system in the anatomical sense, that consists of innate and adaptive defense mechanisms?

Immune system

what small proteins are secreted by virus-infected cells to help defend cells that have not yet been infected?

Interferon

Bacteria and tumor cells are removed from lymph by ________.

Lymph nodes

Fluids that have escaped the cardiovascular system are picked up by the?

Lymphatic system

Within a lymph node, what cells engulf and destroy bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances in the lymph?

Lymphocytes

Peyer's patches and the tonsils are part of the collection of small lymphoid tissues that protect the upper respiratory and digestive tracts from infection and are referred to as?

MALT

Antibodies provided by serum from an immune donor or an animal donor do not challenge the B cells and thus provide?

Passive immunity

What is the body's first line of defense against the invasion of disease-causing microorganisms?

Skin and mucous membranes

What lymphoid organ stores platelets and acts as a blood reservoir?

Spleen

Which lymphatic organ's major job is to destroy worn-out red blood cells and return some of the products to the liver?

Spleen

Where are the tonsils located?

Throat

The role of the _____ is to trap and remove bacteria or other foreign pathogens entering the throat?

Tonsils