Chapter 12 Chem

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The distance between base pairs in DNA is 0.34 nm. How many base pairs are there in a chromosome that is 0.12 m long? (Note: 109 nm = 1 m)

3.5 × 108

Identify the base sequence that is complementary to the following DNA sequence: TTAAGGCC

AATTCCGG

Which scientist is not involved in the discovery of DNA?

Albert Einstein

Sickle cell anemia

I. is caused by mutation in the human gene that codes for a protein expressed in the red blood cells. II. is a genetic disease, inheritable from one's parents. III. can cause red blood cells to become sickle shaped. IV. can clog organs, reducing their blood supplies.

A gene is

a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein

A protein is a linear polymer composed of

amino acids

A nucleotide consists of which of the following?

bases deoxyribose molecule phosphates

A codon is three

bases in DNA.

What functional groups are present in all amino acids?

carboxylic acid and amine group

Protein enzymes act as

catalysts.

Plasmids are

circular pieces of DNA.

What forces hold the two strands of DNA together?

hydrogen bonds

The monomers of DNA are called

nucleotides

How many DNA bases in any one gene must be changed for a mutation to have a serious effect?

one

The bond that connects two amino acids in a protein is called

peptide bond

The process of copying one DNA to produce an identical copy is called

replication

Deoxyribose is the ________ in DNA.

sugar

The nitrogen-containing bases in DNA are attached by covalent bonds to a

sugar

The backbone structure of DNA is

sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate.


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