chapter 12 psychology quiz bank

Which statement about groupthink is correct?

Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus.

Which statement about Sternberg's triangular theory of love is most accurate?

There are three components of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Which of the following is an example of actor-observer bias?

Zhang believes he is unable to stop gambling because his friends all gamble and are a bad influence, yet Tim is unable to stop gambling because he is addicted to gambling.

Behavior is a product of both the situation and the person. Which of the following is an example of a situation that might influence behavior?

being in a crowd of bystanders when you witness someone fainting

The Milgram experiment required the participation of a(n) ________to play the part of the person being shocked because the experiment would be invalidated if the participant realized the electric shock treatment was faked.

confederate

Based on the discussion in your text, which of the following strategies would effectively reduce prejudice between groups?

having groups meet under equal terms and cooperate on a task

The ________ hypothesis is the ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve.

just-world

When it comes to social psychology, a script is a ________.

person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting.

Diane and Bruce share their intimate thoughts and emotions and are physically attracted to each other, but their love does not contain any expectations beyond that. Their love is called ________.

romantic

Following an outcome, ________ are those attributions that enable us to see ourselves in favorable light.

self-serving bias

Which of the following is an example of the self-fulfilling prophecy?

telling someone with dyslexia she cannot learn to read, leading her to become illiterate even though she could learn to read with a bit of extra effort

The ________ effect focuses on the influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment.

Asch

________ holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors.

Dispositionism

What is the main point of the textbook discussion of Milgram's obedience study?

Individuals will obey authority to the point of potentially causing serious harm to another person.

Which example best exemplifies homophily?

Laura and Vaughn are the same race and attend the same church. They met in their psychology class, a subject they both major in. They begin to date

According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet training?

Simon bites his mother

What is the main point of the Stanford prison experiment?

Social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

Which of the following best exemplifies prosocial behavior?

Tyler visits his aunt once a week to bring her groceries.

Billie is a(n) ________ because he believes people over age 65 should have their driver's license suspended, the elderly use up important social resources, and they occupy jobs that should belong to younger, more capable people.

ageist

Which of the following is the best example of peripheral route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

Which of the following is the best example of central route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year

A(n) ________ is the evaluation of or feelings toward a person, idea, or object that are typically positive or negative.

attitude

The ________ is demonstrated by the attack on Kitty Genovese.

bystander effect

Which type of persuasion involves logic-driven arguments using data and facts to convince people of an argument's worthiness?

central route

Don knows that drinking too much liquor is a costly habit that is bad for his health, but he continues to drink large amounts of liquor.He also thinks he is a smart person that makes good choices. Don feels some psychological discomfort from this contradiction, which is also called ________.

cognitive dissonance

Roger and Joan have passion in their relationship, and they agree they will support each other. But when it comes to sharing their thoughts, they lack intimacy. Their love is called ________.

companionate

The field of social psychology studies topics at the intrapersonal level. These topics include ________.

emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition

Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-the-door technique of persuasion?

getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether

Social psychology is a field that studies both interpersonal and intrapersonal behavior. Which of the following is an example of interpersonal behavior?

group processes

What is modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus?

groupthink

Which of the following best defines the Asch effect?

influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment

What is groupthink?

modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus

Which type of persuasion involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item?

peripheral route

When it comes to relationships, we expect to share thoughts, feelings, and ideas in a mutual exchange called ________.

reciprocity

In California, undocumented migrants are often blamed for high unemployment in the state, although statistics show that high unemployment is not related to the number of illegal migrants. In this example, illegal migrants are victims of ________: the act of blaming an out-group when the in-group experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal.

scapegoating

Penny gets an acting job on Friday that she attributes to her good acting. She doesn't get the next acting job; therefore, she blames the casting director for not wanting to hire a woman. This is an example of________.

self-serving bias

Who was Stanley Milgram?

social psychology professor at Yale who wanted to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis

What is a social role?

socially defined pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group

Fatima generalizes that all men are irresponsible players,cheaters, and liars. When it comes to men, Fatima may be applying ________: negative beliefs about individuals based solely on their membership in a group.

stereotypes

Which of the following strategies would effectively reduce racism?

teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism