Chapter 12 Sample Questions

44) Which type of synapse dominates the nervous system? A) chemical B) electrical C) mechanical D) processing E) radiative

A) chemical

42) In which of the following would the rate of impulse conduction be the greatest? A) a type A fiber B) a type B fiber C) a type C fiber D) a type D fiber E) a type E fiber

A) a type A fiber

24) Neurons that are small and offer no anatomical clues to distinguish axons from dendrites are called A) anaxonic. B) unipolar. C) bipolar. D) tripolar. E) multipolar.

A) anaxonic.

7) The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the central nervous system are the A) astrocytes. B) satellite cells. C) oligodendrocytes. D) microglia. E) ependymal cells.

A) astrocytes.

34) Opening of sodium channels in the membrane of a neuron results in A) depolarization. B) repolarization. C) hyperpolarization. D) increased negative charge inside the membrane. E) reestablishing the resting potential.

A) depolarization.

29) Which of the following activities or sensations are not monitored by interoceptors? A) sight B) taste C) activities of the digestive system D) cardiovascular activities E) urinary activities

A) sight

20) Axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as A) telodendria. B) synaptic knobs. C) collaterals. D) hillocks. E) synapses.

A) telodendria.

31) Which of the following interactions between electrical and chemical gradients does not lead to the establishment of a neuron's resting potential? A) Chemical and electrical forces both push sodium ions into the cell. B) Only electrical forces are involved in the movement of sodium ions into the cell. C) Chemical forces tend to drive potassium ions out the cell. D) Potassium ions are attracted to the negative charges inside the cell. E) Potassium ions are repulsed by positive charges outside the cell.

B) Only electrical forces are involved in the movement of sodium ions into the cell.

40) During saltatory conduction, A) action potentials move in all directions along an axon. B) action potentials occur at successive nodes along the length of the stimulated axon. C) local currents depolarize adjacent areas of membrane so that action potentials continue to form along the membrane. D) action potentials produce a local current that is strong enough to spread along the length of the axon. E) local potentials produce a continuous outward flow of potassium ions.

B) action potentials occur at successive nodes along the length of the stimulated axon.

38) The all-or-none principle states that A) all stimuli will produce identical action potentials. B) all stimuli great enough to bring the membrane to threshold will produce identical action potentials. C) the greater the magnitude of the stimuli, the greater the intensity of the action potential. D) only sensory stimuli can activate action potentials. E) only motor stimuli can activate action potentials.

B) all stimuli great enough to bring the membrane to threshold will produce identical action potentials.

8) Functions of astrocytes include all of the following, except A) maintaining the blood-brain barrier. B) functioning in action potential transmission. C) guiding neuron development. D) performing repairs in damaged neural tissue. E) creating a three-dimensional framework for the CNS.

B) functioning in action potential transmission.

5) Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia? A) support B) information processing C) secretion of cerebrospinal fluid D) isolation of neurons E) phagocytosis

B) information processing

14) Which of the following is not a glial cell of the nervous system? A) Schwann cells B) neurons C) ependymal cells D) microglia E) satellite cells

B) neurons

23) The rabies virus can travel to the CNS via A) axoplasmic transport. B) retrograde flow. C) blood vessels. D) connective tissue. E) CSF.

B) retrograde flow.

13) Glial cells found surrounding the cell bodies of peripheral neurons are A) astrocytes. B) satellite cells. C) oligodendrocytes. D) microglia. E) ependymal cells.

B) satellite cells.

21) Neurotransmitters are released from the A) telodendria. B) synaptic knobs. C) collaterals. D) hillock. E) synapse.

B) synaptic knobs.

25) Neurons in which dendritic and axonal processes are continuous and the soma lies off to one side are called A) anaxonic. B) unipolar. C) bipolar. D) tripolar. E) multipolar.

B) unipolar.

26) Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite are called A) anaxonic. B) unipolar. C) bipolar. D) tripolar. E) multipolar.

C) bipolar

45) The ion needed to initiate the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft is A) sodium. B) potassium. C) calcium. D) chloride. E) zinc.

C) calcium.

19) Branches that sometimes occur along the length of an axon are called A) telodendria. B) synaptic knobs. C) collaterals. D) hillocks. E) synapses.

C) collaterals.

35) Voltage-regulated channels can be found A) at the motor end plate. B) on the surface of dendrites. C) in the membrane that covers axons. D) on the soma of neurons. E) along the perikaryon of neurons.

C) in the membrane that covers axons.

39) During continuous conduction, A) action potentials move in all directions along an axon. B) action potentials occur at successive nodes along the length of the stimulated axon. C) local currents depolarize adjacent areas of membrane so that action potentials continue to form along the membrane. D) action potentials produce a local current that is strong enough to spread along the length of the axon. E) local potentials produce a continuous outward flow of potassium ions.

C) local currents depolarize adjacent areas of membrane so that action potentials continue to form along the membrane.

15) Cells responsible for information processing and transfer are the A) neuroglia. B) Schwann cells. C) neurons. D) astrocytes. E) microglia.

C) neurons.

6) Each of the following is a type of glial cell found in the central nervous system, except A) astrocytes. B) satellite cells. C) oligodendrocytes. D) microglia. E) ependymal cells.

C) oligodendrocytes.

46) Cholinergic synapses release the neurotransmitter A) norepinephrine. B) adrenalin. C) serotonin. D) acetylcholine. E) GABA.

D) acetylcholine.

1) Each of the following is a function of the nervous system, except A) providing sensation of the internal and external environments. B) integrating sensory information. C) coordinating voluntary and involuntary activities. D) directing activities that continue for extended periods, such as growth and pregnancy. E) regulating or controlling peripheral structures and systems.

D) directing activities that continue for extended periods, such as growth and pregnancy.

18) The axon is connected to the soma by the A) telodendria. B) synaptic knobs. C) collaterals. D) hillock. E) synapse.

D) hillock

30) Which of the following is not involved in creating the resting potential of a neuron? A) diffusion of potassium ions out of the cell B) diffusion of sodium ions into the cell C) membrane permeability for sodium ions greater than potassium ions D) membrane permeability for potassium ions greater than sodium ions E) The interior of the cell membrane has an excess of negatively charged protein molecules.

D) membrane permeability for potassium ions greater than sodium ions

43) Which of the following comparisons between neurons and muscle tissue is incorrect? A) Resting potentials are greater in muscle fibers. B) Muscle fibers conduct action potentials at relatively slower speeds. C) Action potentials last longer in muscle fibers. D) Muscle fibers only conduct action potentials via continuous conduction. E) Action potentials are completed more quickly in muscle fibers.

E) Action potentials are completed more quickly in muscle fibers.

10) The type of glial cell that is found lining the ventricles and spinal canal are the A) astrocytes. B) satellite cells. C) oligodendrocytes. D) microglia. E) ependymal cells.

E) ependymal cells.

16) The cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus of a neuron is called the A) protoplasm. B) nucleoplasm. C) sarcoplasm. D) cytoplasm. E) perikaryon.

E) perikaryon.

37) The sodium-potassium exchange pump A) must reestablish ion concentrations after each action potential. B) transports sodium ions into the cell during depolarization. C) transports potassium ions out of the cell during repolarization. D) moves sodium and potassium in the direction of their chemical gradients. E) requires ATP to function.

E) requires ATP to function.

41) Which of the following does not influence the time necessary for a nerve impulse to be transmitted? A) length of the axon B) presence or absence of a myelin sheath C) diameter of the axon D) presence or absence of nodes E) whether the axon is sensory or motor

E) whether the axon is sensory or motor