Chapter 12 (Social Psychology)

What should be changed to make the following statement true? Social exchange is people's desire to help others even if the costs outweigh the benefits.

The phrase "social exchange" should be replaced by "altruism"

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Asch conducted his prison experiment to demonstrate that social roles have a great deal of influence on individual behavior.

The word "Asch" should be replaced by "Zimbardo."

What should be changed to make the following statement true? Hostile aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain.

The word "hostile" should be changed to "instrumental"

What is the just-world hypothesis?

an ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve

Rhona and Jerome share each other's thoughts and feelings and are prepared to support each other, but they do not feel physical attraction. Their love is called ________.

companionate

The Milgram experiment required the participation of a(n) _______ to play the part of the person being shocked because the experiment would be invalidated if the participant realized the electric shock treatment was faked.

confederate

Ashley and Mikhail share their intimate thoughts and emotions, are physically attracted to each other, and agree to support each other. Their love is called ______.

consummate

Mark and Rosa commit to support each other, but they have no real physical passion and do not share their thoughts and feelings. Their love is called _________.

empty

Roger and Joan have passion in their relationship, and they agree they will support each other. But when it comes to sharing their thoughts, they lack intimacy. Their love is called _________.

fatuous

Kara gets an F on her social psychology exam. Then she goes home and gets into an argument with her roommate, Lee. Lee assumes Kara is yelling at him because she likes to bully him, not because she had a bad day. Lee is making a ________.

fundamental attribution error

Social psychology is a field that studies both interpersonal and intrapersonal behavior. Which of the following is an example of interpersonal behavior?

group processes

Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to associate with other members of the chess club while avoiding people that do not belong to this group. Jasmin has a(n) __________ bias.

in-group

Which of the following best defines the Asch effect?

influence of the group majority on an individual's judgement

People view the Environmental Protection Agency as competent and believe they know correct information regarding what individuals should do to protect the environment, so they possess ________ social influence when it comes to enforcing a group norm of recycling.

informational

What is groupthink?

modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus

Suppose you hate reality shows, but you pretend to like them in order to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by your friends, who all love reality television. This is an example of ________ social influence.

normative

When it comes to social psychology, a script is a _______.

person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting

When it comes to relationships, we expect to share thoughts, feelings, and ideas in a mutual exchange called _______.

reciprocity

Diane and Bruce share their intimate thoughts and emotions and are physically attracted to each other, but their love does not contain any expectations beyond that. Their love is called _________.

romantic

In California, undocumented migrants are often blamed for high unemployment in the state although statistics show that high employment is not related to the number of illegal migrants. In this example, illegal migrants are victims of ______: the act of blaming an out-group when the in-group experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal.

scapegoating

Following an outcome, ________ are those attributions that enable us to see ourselves in favorable light.

self-serving bias

What is the main point of the Stanford prison experiment?

social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

Which of the following strategies would effectively reduce racism?

teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism

Which statement about groupthink is correct?

Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus.

Which statement about psychology is most accurate?

People's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social psychology