Chapter 12: Southern Europe
30, winter
What is the average rainfall amount in Inches and what time of year does it rain?
greece
What is the country that consists of nearly 2,000 islands in aegean sea?
Andorra
What is the independent principality, located high in the Pyrenees between modern-day Spain and France and owes its political autonomy to its isolated location in the mountains?
Meseta
What is the large plateau that makes up most of the interior of the Iberian Peninsula?
sicily
What is the largest volcano in Europe and located on the Mediterranean island?
Pyrenees
What is the most southwestern mountain ranges of Europe?
dry climate plants
What kind of plants does this region need because less water and long summer?
Pyrenees
What landform separates the northern portion of the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of Europe?
Iberian
What peninsula separates the Atlantic Ocean from the Mediterranean Sea?
Po
What river is Italy's longest and most important river?
tiber river
What river serves as the primary water source for the city of Rome?
Southern Europe
What subregion are these countries a part of? -Italy, Spain, Andorra, Greece, Portugal, Vatican City, Malta, Cyprus, and San Marino
peninsulas and islands
What two types of physical features dominate Southern Europe's physical geography?
principality
What is a state ruled by a prince, usually a relatively small state or a state that falls within a larger state such as an empire?
tungsten
What is an extremely rare heavy-metal element essential in high tech industry?
climate
What is another reason there are few lakes and river in the region?
alps, north
Why does Southern Europe have less rainfall than other regions? -The ______ block most Atlantic winds from the _____, causing less rain to fall.
empire
The Roman Republic was the foundation of the largest ____- of the ancient world
ebro
What is a spanish river that is dammed to generate hydroelectric power?
ebro
*in northern spain *nearly 200 tributaries *Spain's longest river *inaccessible to boats reservoirs provide water to an impressive network of irrigation canals to support agriculture in spain.
dry and covered in scrub plants
As a result of gorges that channel water away from the land, the ecosystems in the Mediterranean are_____.
80
At its widest the Pyrenees range is a daunting __ miles across.
city-states
Athens, one of the _______ of ancient Greece, introduced the idea of democracy.
dikes, canal
Venice has a systems of _____ and ___ to control the river's out flow.
highest, rivers
Because the Alps are the _______ mountain range in Europe, they are also the source of Europe's largest and most important _____.
hydroelectricty
Both Italy ad Spain have benefited from the production of __________.
Americas
By the early 1500s, both Portugal and Spain had set up colonies in the _________.
Balkan Peninsula
Communication and development has been limited for areas near numerous mountains on which of the landforms?
chaparral
Shrubs and shrub trees that are drought resistant?
spain
Dams and resulting reservoirs along the Ebro River help support the agriculture of which country?
Gibraltar
Due to the Iberian Peninsula what strait is 20 miles long and is the only thing connecting the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea?
nationalism
During the 1800s and 1900s, the concept of ________ resulted in the modern countries of Southern Europe
required
Education in Southern Europe is ______ for all children.
densely populated
Europe is one of the most ____ regions of the world,
Spain and Portugal
Extending off southwestern Europe, the Iberian Peninsula is the location of what 2 countries?
lakes
Gacial movement in the last ice age did not reach Southern Europe's peninsulas, as a result, the landforms of the se countries lack the natural ____- or reservoirs found in N Europe and NW Europe.
peninsulas
Geographically, Europe is a continent made up of ______.
Iberian, Italian, Balkan
Geographically, Europe is a continent made up of peninsulas. The southern part of the region includes three major peninsulas: the _______ Peninsula, the ____ Peninsula, and the ____ Peninsula.
alps, Pyrenees
What are the two mountain ranges in this region that massifs can be found?
Mediterranean
What climate does this describe? -warm, dry summers and the mild, rainy winters
shipping
In general, Southern Europe's many rivers are not deep enough for ____, which is an economic disadvantage.
Renaissance
In the 1300s, the MIddle Ages gave way to an era of learning called the _____ or "rebirth"
few
Italy has _____ mineral resources.
Italian, Alps
Italy, which occupies the _______ peninsula, is cut off from the rest of Europe by a grand mountain range called the ___.
rainfall
Most of the Southern Europe's agriculture is located on the coastal plains because the plains receive more ________.
Balkan
On what peninsula does numerous mountains on the peninsula have limited the area's potential for communication and development?
1/3
Plains cover _____ of the Italian Peninsulas.
agricultural plain
The Po River's drainage basin forms Italy's most fertile _______.
copper
Portugal has large deposits of _______.
Mediterranean Sea
Pyrenees stretch from the Bay of Biscay on the Atlantic side of Spain to the ___________ _____.
Biscay
Pyrenees stretch from the Bay of _____ on the Atlantic side of Spain to the Mediterranean Sea.
Renaissance
Rebirth; the period in European civilization characterized by a surge of interest in classical learning and values.
too shallow for large ships
Rivers on the Iberian Peninsula play a limited role in the region's trade and transportation because they are _________.
farming
Some of Southern rivers are useful for what? (not shipping)
a drier climate
Southern Europe has fewer natural lakes and reservoirs than the rest of Europe due to a lack of glacial movement during the last ice age and _________.
Mediterranean Sea
Southern Europe is located on the __________.
the Mediterranean Sea
Southern Europe's location on which of the bodies of water make it suited for growing grapes and olives?
Hydroelectric
Spain has dammed the Ebro river to make _______ power.
coal, tin, tugstan
Spain has rich deposits of _____, __________, and _________.
Italy, Balkans
THere is Mediterranean climate of _____ and The ___ to south.
marine west coast, Mediternean
The Alps form a barrier between two major climate zones: _________ to the north and the ______ to the south.
Massif
The Pyrenees are characterized by flat-topped _____.
easy
The Balkan Peninsula has______ access to the sea
Adriatic, Ionian
The Balkan Peninsula is bounded by the ____ Sea and _______ Sea on the west
Aegean, black
The Balkan Peninsula is bounded by the ______ Sea and ______ Sea on the east.
Tagus, Ebro
The Iberian Peninsula's two main rivers are the __ RIver and the __ River.
sea
The MEditerranean climate results in part from warn waters from the __
big
The Tagus and the Ebro play a ___ part in the economy and ecology of the region. However theses roles are limited because they are generally too shallow for large ships.
Tagus
The _ River begins near the eastern edge of Spain and travels westward through Portugal to the Atlantic Ocean
apennines
The __- Mountains run down the spine of the Italian Peninsula all the way through the center of the large island of Sicily off the southwestern tip of Italy.
Venice
The city of ___ is located at the mouth of Italy's Po RIver.
sedimentary
The coastal plains have rich ______ soil deposited by rivers and runoff.
Italy, trade
The coastline of ______ varieties from high, rocky cliffs to long, sandy beaches, and has several well-sheltered ports to support _____.
migrants
The demand for labor is being supplied by ________ within the EU who are attracted to cities for the better wages there.
Lombardy
What does the po river run through?
plate tectonics
The forces of _______ ______ are responsible for the rise of these massifs (the Pyrenees), and earthquakes occur as the mountains are built up.
earthquakes
The forces of plate tectonics are responsible for the rise of these massifs, and _________ occur as the mountains (the Pyrenees) are built up.
trading
The islands that lie south of the mainland of the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan peninsulas are geographically and politically important to Spain, Italy, and Greece. They serve as _ posts in the Mediterranean.
trade routes
The largest cities of Southern Europe were founded on ancient ____ and thus economic and cultural hubs.
Lombardy
The largest plain in on the Italian Peninsula is the plain of ___ along the Po river in the north.
Pyreness
The mountain range known as the __ isolates the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of Europe.
alps
What forms a natural barrier between the Italian Peninsula and Northern Europe?
trade and agriculture
What has Southern Europe's physical features made important to the subregion?
tiber
What is Italy's second largest river and has great historical significance?
tourist, agriculture
The pleasant climate makes Southern Europe popular with _____, and is also well suited for certain kinds of ______
aging, birthrates
The population of Italy, Spain, and GReece is ____, and the ______ is not high enough to replace the current generation.
2
The region known as Southern Europe includes three major peninsulas. These landforms are separated from the rest of Europe by ____ major mountain ranges.
alps
The rivers in the ___ flow north into France and Germany or south where they empty into the MEditerranean, adriatic, and Black Seas.
Rome
The tiber river is a the primary water source for the capital of Italy, _____.
lakes
There are fewer of this landform in southern Europe than in southwestern europe?
Massif
What is a body of mountain ranges formed by fault-line activity?
Pyrenees
To the north, the Iberian Peninsula is separated from the rest of Europe by the _______, mountains that have isolated the peninsula's residents for centuries.
alps
_____ is the most recognizable range of the mountains on the European Continent.
Greece
_____ is the southernmost country on the Balkan Peninsula.
greece
_______ are are suitable for producing hydroelectricity.
Sicily
_______ is the largest island in the region and is dominated by Mount Etna.
drainage basin
________ ________ of the Po River forms Italy's largest and most fertile agricultural plain.
city-state
an independently governed community consisting of a city and the surrounding lands, notably present in ancient Greece
complementarity
relationship between two places in which one produces something the other needs, resulting in an exchange.
autonomy
what is the vocabulary word for self-governing freedom