Chapter 13 biology

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energy pyramid

A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web

Biome

A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms

Community

A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other

food chain

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

keystone species

A species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

Ecosystem

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Carnivore

A consumer that eats only animals.

Herbivore

A consumer that eats only plants.

Omnivore

An animal that eats both plants and animals

Decomposer

An organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms

Producer

An organism that can make its own food.

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot make its own food.

Consumer

An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms

trophic level

Each step in a food chain or food web

Abiotic

Non-living

Autotrophs

Organisms that make their own food

nitrogen fixation

Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia

Ecology

Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment

Generalist

Species that does not rely on a single source of prey

specialist

consumer that eats only one type of organism

hydrologic cycle

the movement of water through the biosphere

Biotic

living

Detritivore

organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter

Chemosynthesis

process in which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates

biogeochemical cycle

process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another

Biodiversity

the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Biomass

total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level


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