Chapter 13 Diseases of the Ear and Mastoid Process

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Otalgia

Earache

ceruminous glands

Sweat glands, within the external auditory canal, that secrete a honey-colored, thick, waxy substance known as earwax, or cerumen.

auditory ossicles

Three small bones that transmit and amplify sound waves

middle ear

also known as the tympanic cavity, is found within the temporal bone and houses the auditory ossicles and the eustachian tube.

Incus

anvil-shaped bone of the middle ear; one of the auditory ossicles.

labyrinth

bony and membranous structures of the inner ear.

Semicircular canals

bony structures filled with fluid that help maintain balance.

tympanic membrane

commonly called the eardrum; is a thin, semitransparent membrane, silvery gray in color; separates the external ear from the middle ear; AND transmits sound vibrations to the inner ear through auditory ossicles.

Eustachian tube

connects the bony structures of the middle ear to the pharynx; also known as the auditory tube or pharyngotympanic tube; AND equalizes air pressure in the middle ear.

bony labyrinth

consists of bones that make up the inner ear.

Otorrhea

discharge from the external ear

Pinna

flexible cartilaginous flap that has a bottom portion known as the ear lobe.

semicircular ducts

found in the middle ear; aid in balance.

Malleus

hammer-shaped hone found in the middle ear; one of the auditory ossicles.

Otorrhagia

hemorrhage from the ear

Cerumen

honey-colored, thick, waxy substance; also known as earwax; helps protect the eardrum from foreign objects and lubricates the ear.

otitis externa

inflammation of the external auditory canal

auricle

known as the pinna or earlobe; allows sound waves to enter the ear canal, which is known as the external auditory canal or the external auditory meatus.

saccule

membranous sac that aids in maintaining balance

endolymph

one of the auditory fluids found in the cochlea that aid in hearing.

perilymph

one of two auditory fluids found in the inner ear that aid in the transmission of sound.

Cochlea

snail-shaped, bony structure in the ear that transmits sound; contains endolymph and perilymph.

Stapes

stirrup-shaped bone that is part of the middle ear; one of the auditory ossicles.

external auditory meatus

the canal that allows sound waves to travel to the inner part of the ear, also known as the external auditory canal.

external auditory canal

the canal that allows sound waves to travel to the inner part of the ear, also known as the external auditory meatus.

Vestibule

the central portion of the inner ear; contains the utricle and the saccule.

ear lobe

the flexible cartilaginous flap that has a bottom portion known as the pinna.

Orosclerosis

the growth of spongy bone in the inner ear.

Utricle

the structure of the inner ear that aids in maintaining balance

cilia

tiny hairs, along the external auditory canal, that aid in transmitting the sound waves inward to other auditory structures.

Oval window

what separates the middle ear and the inner ear.


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