Chapter 13: Drugs used for Sedation and Sleep- Pharmacology

Which information should be included when providing patient education on ramelteon?

Do not take with a high fat meal

Which initial action should the nurse take when finding a patient extremely agitated, yelling frequently, and attempting to get out of bed without assistance?

Spend uninterrupted time listening to the patient.

Which sleep pattern stage diminishes as an effect of aging?

Stage IV

Which disease is associated with insufficient sleep?

myocardial infarction

Which effect can occur as a result of rapid withdrawal from long-term use of benzodiazepine therapy?

Anxiety, Delirium, Weakness, Grand mal seizures

Which action will the nurse take when a patient has been prescribed lorazepam?

Assess the patient's blood pressure in sitting and lying positions.

Which benefit applies to the use of sedatives

Decreased patient anxiety

Which statement about sedatives is true?

Increased relaxation occurs with sedatives.

Which information will the nurse include when assessing te patient's central nervous system function following sedative-hypnotic therapy?

Level of alertness Orientation Ability to perform motor functions

Which type of blood work will be performed when a patient receiving diazepam (Valium) is complaining of nausea and vomiting and is becoming jaundice?

Liver function tests

An older adult received a hypnotic agent at 9:00 PM. At 2:00 AM, the nurse discovers that the patient has removed her gown and is attempting to get out of bed without assistance. Which type of medication effect is the patient exhibiting?

Paradoxical

The nurse is caring for an older patient recently admitted to an assisted living center who is experiencing insomnia associated with the recent relocation. Which nursing action will assist the patient to sleep?

Performing back massage

Which condition indicates the need for benzopiazepines to be prescribed?

Preoperative sedation

When reviewing a patient's history and physical information, the nurse notes that the patient has physician's order for chloral hydrate and warfarin. During assessment of this patient, the nurse observes areas of petechiae and ecchymosis on the upper and lower extremities. Which lab work is most appropriate for the nurse to assess next?

Prothrombin time

Which two phases make up normal sleep?

Rapid eye movement (REM) and non REM

Which common adverse effect apply to barbiturates?

Residual daytime sedation Headache Blurred vision Impaired coordination

Which explanation is correct in identifying why benzodiazepines are often preferred over barbiturates?

The have selective action at specific receptor sites There is a wide range of safety between therapeutic and lethal levels. REM sleep is decreased to a lesser extent Accidental overdoses are well tolerated.

The nurse is assessing a patient who is being evaluated in an outpatient clinic for complaints of back pain. The patient reports taking diphenhydramine for insomnia related to job stress. Which statement by the nurse is accurate regarding this medications?

This medication should only be taken for 1 week.