Chapter 13: Fluid and Electrolytes: Balance and Disturbance (5)

A client is to receive hypotonic IV solution in order to provide free water replacement. Which solution does the nurse anticipate administering? pg. 261

0.45% NaCl

A client weighing 160.2 pounds (72.7 kg), who has been diagnosed with hypovolemia, is weighed every day. The health care provider asked to be notified if the client loses 1,000 mL of fluid in 24 hours. What weight would be consistent with this amount of fluid loss? pg. 260

158.0 lbs (71.7 kg)

A nurse is caring for an adult client with numerous draining wounds from gunshots. The client's pulse rate has increased from 100 to 130 beats per minute over the last hour. The nurse should further assess the client for which of the following? pg. 287

Extracellular fluid volume deficit

A client with a magnesium concentration of 2.6 mEq/L (1.3 mmol/L) is being treated on a medical-surgical unit. Which treatment should the nurse anticipate will be used? pg. 278

Intravenous furosemide

A physician orders an isotonic I.V. solution for a client. Which solution should the nurse plan to administer? pg. 289

Lactated Ringer's solution

A client with emphysema is at a greater risk for developing which acid-base imbalance? pg. 286

chronic respiratory acidosis

The nurse is caring for a client in heart failure with signs of hypervolemia. Which vital sign is indicative of the disease process? pg. 262

Elevated blood pressure

The nurse is caring for a client with multiple organ failure and in metabolic acidosis. Which pair of organs is responsible for regulatory processes and compensation? pg. 284

Lungs and kidney

Early signs of hypervolemia include pg. 259

increased breathing effort and weight gain.

The weight of a client with congestive heart failure is monitored daily and entered into the medical record. In a 24-hour period, the client's weight increased by 2 lb. How much fluid is this client retaining?

1 L

The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for a client with a possible acid-base imbalance. The physician has ordered an arterial blood gas (ABG). What is one of the most important indications of an acid-base imbalance that is shown in an ABG? pg. 284

Bicarbonate

Which could be a potential cause of respiratory acidosis? pg. 286

Hypoventilation

A client hospitalized for treatment of a pulmonary embolism develops respiratory alkalosis. Which clinical findings commonly accompany respiratory alkalosis? pg. 287

Light-headedness or paresthesia

The nurse is caring for a client undergoing alcohol withdrawal. Which serum laboratory value should the nurse monitor most closely? pg. 277

Magnesium

The client's lab values are sodium 166 mEq/L, potassium 5.0 mEq/L, chloride 115 mEq/L, and bicarbonate 35 mEq/L. What condition is this client likely to have, judging by anion gap? pg. 284

Metabolic acidosis

The nurse is caring for a client with severe diarrhea. The nurse recognizes that the client is at risk for developing which acid-base imbalance? pg. 285

Metabolic acidosis

A client has been diagnosed with an intestinal obstruction and has a nasogastric tube set to low continuous suction. Which acid-base disturbance is this client at risk for developing? pg. 285

Metabolic alkalosis

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and experiencing respiratory acidosis. The client asks what is making the acidotic state. The nurse is most correct to identify which result of the disease process that causes the fall in pH? pg. 286

The lungs are not able to blow off carbon dioxide.

A client with cancer is being treated on the oncology unit for bilateral breast cancer. The client is undergoing chemotherapy. The nurse notes the client's serum calcium concentration is 12.3 mg/dL (3.08 mmol/L). Given this laboratory finding, the nurse should suspect that the pg. 276

malignancy is causing the electrolyte imbalance.

A client who complains of an "acid stomach" has been taking baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) regularly as a self-treatment. This may place the client at risk for which acid-base imbalance? pg. 285

metabolic alkalosis