Chapter 13 - Plant Processes
To get energy from the food made during photosynthesis, plants use ___.
cellular respiration
Before falling off, leaves of diciduous trees may ___.
change color
____ is a green pigment found in plant cells.
chlorophyll
Why are most plants green?
chlorophyll reflects more wavelengths of green light than those of other colors
A waxy coat that protects the plants from water loss.
cuticle
Type of tree that loses all of its leaves around the same time each year
deciduous tree
Dormant
describe the inactive state of a seed or other plant part when conditions are unfavorable to growth
An inactive seed is ___.
dormant
Cellular Respiration
the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food
Transpiration
the process by which plants release water vapor into the air through stomata
Photosynthesis
the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to make food
The loss of water from leaves is called ___.
transpiration
The loss of water from leaves.
transpiration
A plant's response to light or gravity is called a ___.
tropism
Plant growth in response to a stimulus is a ____.
tropism
Plants that flower when night length is short are called ___.
Long-day plants
Chorophyll
a green pigment that catures light energy for photosynthesis
Plants often respond to light from one direction by ___.
bending toward the light
In fall, green chlorophyll in leaves ___.
breaks down
Which gas is most important ot plants?
carbon dioxide
type of tree that keeps its leaves year round
evergreen tree
When sperm fuses with the egg inside an ovule, _____ takes place.
fertilization
The largest most diverse group of plants is the ____.
flowering plants
Another word for sprouting is ___.
germination
Plants make the sugar ____ from carbon dioxide and water.
glucose
The light energy captured by chlorophyll is used during photosynthesis to produce ___.
glucose
Change in the direction a plant grows caused by gravity.
gravitropism
Double doors for a stoma.
guard cells
Plant growth away from a stimulus is a ___.
negative tropism
Stoma
one of many openings in a leaf or a stem of a plant that enable gas exchange to occur
After fertilization takes place, the ____ becomes a fruit.
ovary
After fertilization takes place, the ___ develops into a seed.
ovule
The gas given off during photosynthesis is ____.
oxygen
During gas exchange in plants ___.
oxygen and water exit while carbon dioxide enters the leaf.
What are the byproducts of photosynthesis?
oxygen gas and sugar
The pigment in plants that absorbs light energy is called ___.
photosynthesis
____ is the process by which plants make their own food
photosynthesis
The base of nearly all food chains on earth is formed by ___.
photosynthetic organisms
Change in direction of plant either toward or away from light
phototropism
tiny plants that grow alongthe edges of a plant's leaves and fall off and grow on their own
plantlets
What happens during photosynthesis?
plants store light energy as chemical energy
Structure through which sperm travel to reach an ovule
pollen tube
When pollen is moved from anthers to sigmas, __________ takes place.
pollination
Plant growth toward a stimulus is called a ___.
positive tropism
above ground stems from which new plants can grow
runners
List three ways plants reproduce asexually.
runners, tubers, planetlets
Plantsthat flower when night length is long are called ___.
short-day plants
Without chlorophyll, oragne and yellow pigment in leaves ___.
show through
Plants store extra glucose as sucrose, another sugar, or ____.
starch
A ____ is an opening in the epidermis and cuticle of a leaf.
stoma
an opening in a leaf's epidermis.
stoma
Tropism
the growth of all or part of an organism in response to an external stimulus, such as light
underground stems from which new plants can grow
tubers
To sprout, a seed needs ___
water, air, and warmth
