Chapter 13 Review - American History

At this battle, Lt. Colonel George Armstrong Custer led his troops in an attack against the Sioux and lost. A. Battle of the Little Bighorn B. Wounded Knee Massacre C. Sand Creek Massacre D. Battle of White Plains

A. Battle of the Little Bighorn

Incentives for settlement of the Great Plains came mainly from A. Congress and the railroads. B. Cattle ranchers and big business. C. Western states and industries. D. Homesteaders and adventurers.

A. Congress and the railroads.

The U.S. government's two main motivations for creating Indian reservations were to gain control over western territories and to A. Convince Native Americans to live like white Americans. B. Save the buffalo herds from extinction. C. Abandon its responsibility of caring for Native Americans. D. Prevent Native American's culture.

A. Convince Native Americans to live like white Americans.

Which of the following best describes the meaning of the Ghost Dance? A. It expressed losses suffered by Native Americans and hope for a better future. B. It expressed the hope that ghosts would assist the Plains Indians in battle. C. It indicated a coming uprising. D. It expressed hatred for white settlers and the U.S. Army.

A. It expressed losses suffered by Native Americans and hope for a better future.

This statement was made when A. The Nez Perce surrendered to the U.S. Army. B. The Sioux lost 300 men, women, and children. C. The Paiute decided to use a religious ritual to defend themselves. D. The Plains Indian War ended.

A. The Nez Perce surrendered to the U.S. Army.

Which of the following factors helped Texas longhorn cattle thrive on the Plains? A. They could live on grass alone. B. They were interbred with buffalo. C. They could share pasture lands with sheep and still thrive. D. They had an immunity to malaria.

A. They could live on grass alone.

The Native Americans shown in this photo were subjected to "Americanization." What was Americanization? A. A process of making Native American practices more accessible to white people. B. An attack on Native American beliefs and practices, including tribal identity. C. A battle plan that involved a series of conflicts and massacres, culminating in the Dawes Act. D. The process by which Native Americans would become citizens of the United States.

B. An attack on Native American beliefs and practices, including tribal identity.

This vision of a Paiute shaman, Wovoka, developed into a religious movement known as the A. Buffalo Dance B. Ghost Dance C. Wounded Knee D. Rain Dance

B. Ghost Dance

Through different treaties various Native American groups such as the Nez Perce, the Comanche, and the Cheyanne were moved to reservations in Indian Territory, located in what is no A. Mississippi B. Oklahoma C. Arizona D. New Mexico

B. Oklahoma

Congressional investigators condemned, but did not punish, Colonel John M. Chivington for his actions at the A. Battle of the Little Bighorn B. Sand Creek Massacre C. Black Kettle Riot D. Battle of Palo Duro Canyon

B. Sand Creek Massacre

Cattle ranchers often did battle against A. Spanish conquistadors and Mexicans. B. Sheep ranchers and farmers. C. Mexicans and Native Americans D. The U.S. Army

B. Sheep ranchers and farmers.

The discovery that 2 million acres in central Oklahoma had not been assigned to any Native American group led to A. The establishment of the first settlements on the Plains. B. The Oklahoma Land Run of 1889. C. Passage of the Homestead Act, which allowed any head of household over the age of 21 to claim 160 acres of land. D. Passage of the Pacific Railway Act, which set aside the unassigned land for construction of railroads.

B. The Oklahoma Land Run of 1889.

Community builder who urged African Americans to move to Kansas

Benjamin "Pap" Singleton

Encouraged the Exoduster movement

Benjamin Singleton

Plains Indian survivor of Wounded Knee Massacre

Black Elk

Cheyenne chief who wanted peace

Black Kettle

Manages Native American reservations

Bureau of Indian Affairs

Which group of settlers was known as Exodusters? A. European Settlers B. White Settlers C. African American Settlers D. Chinese Settlers

C. African American Settlers

Turner's statement implied that the westward movement A. Created division among the people. B. Led to a number of Indian Wars. C. Helped shape the American character. D. Would continue to influence leaders.

C. Helped shape the American character.

The vast buffalo herds were reduced to just a few buffalo by U.S. Army policy and A. The needs of Indian nations. B. Bad weather C. Hunting by railroad passengers. D. Wolves

C. Hunting by railroad passengers.

The enclosure of the open range led to conflict between A. Native Americans who owned the land and ranchers and farmers who enclosed the land. B. Ranchers and farmers and the landless cattle owners who enclosed the land. C. Landless cattle owners and the ranchers and farmers who enclosed the land. D. Landless Native Americans who raised sheep and the ranchers and farmers who enclosed the land.

C. Landless cattle owners and the ranchers and farmers who enclosed the land.

Which of the following best completes the chart above? A. Deep shafts were cut in solid rock to reach and extract the ore. B. Placer mining was developed, in which minerals are found in loose sand or gravel. C. Sediments were released into rivers, choking them and causing floods. D. Most miners worked alone using a low level of technology.

C. Sediments were released into rivers, choking them and causing floods.

In the 1850s United States government policy toward the Indians changed from pushing them farther West to A. Paying them for their lands. B. Relocating them in the East. C. Sending them to reservations. D. Giving them land in Texas.

C. Sending them to reservations.

Which of the following battles is described in the passage? A. Battle of Pali Dirk Canyon B. Next Perce flight to Canada C. Wounded Knee Massacre D. Battle of the Little Bighorn

C. Wounded Knee Massacre

Declared the frontier closed

Census Bureau

Said, "From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever."

Chief Joseph

Trail that led cattle north to market

Chisholm

During the late 1870s, a large number of _________ moved to Kansas to begin a new life. A. Native Americans B. Russians C. Mennonites D. African Americans

D. African Americans

What did the Plains Indians depend on for their food, shelter, and clothing? A. White settlers B. A wide variety of plants and animals C. Trade with other tribes and with Mexican people. D. Buffalo

D. Buffalo

By the 1880s mining for ore in the West was dominated by A. Prospectors doing placer mining B. The federal government C. Labor unions D. Large mining companies

D. Large mining companies

Although Congress condemned Colonel John Chivington's actions here, it did not punish him. A. Wounded Knee B. Ox Box C. Palo Dura Canyon D. Sand Creek

D. Sand Creek

In 1890 the Census Bureau issued a statement that essentially said A. Move west to improve your life. B. California would become the largest state. C. Farmers are losing money. D. The frontier is closed.

D. The frontier is closed.

Intense rivalry among competing miners often led to A. The establishment of new laws. B. Military rule by the U.S. Calvary. C. The development of a police force. D. Violence.

D. Violence.

This event marked the end of the bloody conflict between the U.S. Army and the Plains Indians. A. Palo Duro Canyon Melee B. Sand Creek Massacre C. Battle of Fallen Timbers D. Wounded Knee Massacre

D. Wounded Knee Massacre

Under the terms of the ______ the head of each Indian family was to receive 160 acres of land and become an individual property owner.(Homestead Act/Dawes Act)

Dawes Act

True or False - By the end of the 1800s, huge herds of buffalo were again roaming the Plains.

False

True or False - Today, historians agree with Frederick Jackson Turner's thesis that the frontier was more important than anything else in U.S. development.

False

Wrote about the closing of the frontier

Fredrick Jackson Turner

Defeated at the Battle of the Little Bighorn

George Armstrong Custer

Lieutenant who led his troops to death by the Sioux

George Armstrong Custer

Apache whose surrender marked the end of resistance in the Southwest

Geronimo

______ is a form of mining in which deep shafts are cut in the earth to extract ore. (placer mining/hard-rock mining)

Hard-rock mining

Removed from command for his role in the Wounded Knee Massacre

James Forsyth

Developed a new plow to turn prairie sod

James Oliver

Developed a new plow with a sharper edge

James Oliver

Led army troops to kill women, children, and the elderly in the Sand Creek Massacre

John M. Chivington

Invented barbed wire

Joseph Glidden

A Seattle newspaper announced the _________ gold strike on July 17, 1897.(Klondike/Sacramento)

Klondike

The ______ Act passed in 1862 gave land to states to provide colleges for agriculture and the mechanical arts.(Pendleton/Morrill)

Morrill

The ________ gave land to railroad companies to aid in the construction of railroad and telegraph lines.(Morrill Act/Pacific Railway Act)

Pacific Railway Act

Sioux leader who had a vision of victory over the soldiers

Sitting Bull

Victorious Sioux leader at the Battle of the Little Bighorn

Sitting Bull

True or False - Many African Americans left the South to avoid segregation laws and the Ku Klux Klan.

True

True or False - The Dawes Act turned tribe members into individual property owners.

True

True or False - The site in the Carson River valley where millions of dollars worth of silver was mined is called the Comstock Lode.

True

Initiated the Ghost Dance

Wovoka

Farms that operated like factories, with expensive machinery, managers, and laborers performing specialized jobs, were called ________.(bonanza farms/factory farms)

bonanza farms

Thousands of cattle migrating south to avoid harsh blizzards in 1885-1886 were trapped by _______.(rustlers/fences)

fences

In ________ mining, water under high pressure was used to blast away dirt and expose the desirable minerals.(hydraulic/hard-rock)

hydraulic

In the Battle of Palo Duro Canyon, more than 1,000 Indian _______ were slaughtered.(ponies/women and children)

ponies

In the 1850s, U.S. government policy was to take land from the Native Americans and confine them to ________.(the Great Plains/reservations)

reservations