chapter 14 environmental science
In a(n) _, humans and wildlife live side by side.
biosphere
One of the most important ecosystem services provided by forests is removing _ from the atmosphere.
carbon dioxide
Deforestation is an especially serious problem in tropical rain forests because
farmers must repeatedly clear additional forest area to obtain land that can support crops.
Moderation of temperature, infiltration of rainwater runoff, and aesthetic value can be provided to urban areas by _.
open space
Most damage to rangeland comes from _.
overgrazing
Which of the following has not resulted from urban sprawl?
overgrazing
The environmentally preferred method of harvesting trees is _.
selective cutting
The negative consequences of harvesting trees using the clear-cutting method are _ and wildlife habitat destruction.
soil erosion
Given that most people live in urban areas, why should rural areas be preserved?
they provide ecological services
Deforestation is particularly harmful in tropical rain forests because the soil is _.
thin
Traffic jams, substandard housing, and polluted air and water can be caused by rapid growth in cities, a phenomenon known as
urban crisis
The movement of people from rural areas to cities is called _.
urbanization
Heat islands affect local
weather patterns
Areas that are protected from development and environmental damage are known as _ areas.
wilderness
The most protected public lands are _ areas.
wilderness
In 1870, the first national park established to protect and preserve the land for future generations was
yellowstone
The first national park in the United States was _.
yellowstone
In selective cutting, _ trees are removed from an area.
medium sized
In the United States, each person uses the ecosystem services provided by more than _ hectares of land and water.
12
The U.S. Census Bureau defines an urban area as an area that contains more than
2,500
An important environmental benefit of open spaces in cities includes
?
Environmental damage to wilderness areas
?
A land-use planner might use a tool known as _ to determine where to locate a new mall.
GIS
Which of the following is an example of land used as a protected area to preserve the scenery and ecosystems?
Grand Canyon National Park
Which of the following statements about tree harvesting methods is correct?
Selective cutting minimizes the impact on forest ecosystems.
In clear-cutting, _ trees are removed from an area.
all
What can be done to sustain the productivity of rangeland? a. Limit herd size. b. Eliminate invasive plants. c. Leave the land unused for a time. d. All of the above
all of the above
Which of the following is true of land-use plans? a. Developers must prepare detailed reports assessing the environmental impact of their projects. b. The public often has input in land-use plans. c. Projects in environmentally sensitive areas may be hotly debated. d. All of the above
all of the above
Why is it important to preserve farmland? a. Farmland provides an important oxygen source for urban areas. b. Farmland moderates the temperature of urban areas. c. Farmland provides crops and fruits to support urban and rural populations. d. All of the above
all of the above
Which of the following most effectively allows forests to recover from tree harvesting?
cutting only medium-sized or mature trees
Cities generate and trap _, causing increased temperatures.
heat
Where do most Americans live?
in urban areas
Which of the following is a side effect of heat islands? Selected:
increased precipitation
Fire stations, roads, and bridges are examples of _.
infrastructure
Many people move to cities in search of _.
jobs
Land that is poorly suited for building is considered _ land.
marginal
An area prone to landslides is an example of
marginal land
Buses and trains are examples of _.
mass transit
The National Farmland Protection Program was designed to
protect farmland from being developed.
The designation of wilderness areas
provides for protected habitats.
In the United States, all citizens share ownership of _.
public lands
Eliminating invasive plants and replacing them with native plants is one aspect of
range improvement.
Land that is used to graze livestock is known as ____.
rangeland
Which of the following is not an environmental effect of deforestation?
re-establishment of trees
The opposite of deforestation is _.
reforestation
What is reforestation?
replanting trees
Before 1850, most people lived in _ areas.
rural
Regardless of where people live, they are dependent on resources produced in
rural areas
As opposed to urban land, _ land contains relatively few people.
rural land
