Chapter 14: Gays, People with Disabilities, and the Elderly
Recent studies from Britain, Canada, Denmark, France, and Norway found the percentage of homosexuals to range from __________ percent of the population. A) 1 to 4 B) 5 to 8 C) 9 to 13 D) 14 to 17
1 to 4
What percentage of elderly people aged 65-74 live in nursing homes? A) 1% B) 11% C) 21% D) 31%
1%
How many Americans have a severe hearing difficulty? A) 2.5 million B) 56 million C) 1.7 million D) 1.1 million
1.1 million
Projections suggest that by 2030, the composition of the older population for Hispanics will be __________ percent. A) 72 B) 11 C) 10 D) 5
10
Among all races, __________ percent older women were in poverty in 2011, compared to __________ percent of older men? A) 7.6; 4.6 B) 10.7; 6.2 C) 13.8; 14.2 D) 4.6; 15.3
10.7; 6.2
According to the U.S. Census, how many Americans have a physical, mental, or emotional condition causing difficulty in learning, remembering, or concentrating? A) 9.3 million B) 15.2 million C) 21.2 million D) 6.8 million
15.2 million
In 2009, approximately what percentage of immigrant seniors lived below the poverty line? A) 13% B) 70% C) 19% D) 25%
19%
What is the minimum total fertility rate to maintain population stability? A) 1.61 B) 2.1 C) 2.83 D) 3.4
2.1
About what proportion of elderly citizens depend on Social Security for over 50% of their income? A) 1/4 B) 1/3 C) 1/2 D) 2/3
2/3
Approximately what percentage of people over the age of 65 experience significant mental impairment? A) 80% B) 10% C) 15% D) 20%
20%
What was the difference in the percentage of Americans who considered homosexuality an acceptable alternative lifestyle in 2013 compared to 1989? A) 25% B) 30% C) 13% D) 50%
25%
What was the total fertility rate in less developed countries in 2012? A) 1.61 B) 3.0 C) 3.63 D) 14.1
3.0
By 2030, __________ percent of the elderly will be 75 or older. A) 46 B) 55 C) 65 D) 75
46
In a 1994 study by a team of social researchers, __________ percent of males said they were attracted to others of the same gender. A) 1.3 B) 7.3 C) 6.2 D) 4.4
6.2
What was the primary way in which homosexuals responded to homophobia in the 1950s? A) Media outreach B) Adopting a low profile C) Emigration from the United States D) Large-scale protests
Adopting a low profile
People of what status are likely to feel strain related to rapid growth in numbers of elderly Americans? A) The great grandchildren of the elderly B) Adult children of the elderly C) Aging parents D) Teenagers
Adult children of the elderly
__________ can be cited as a cause of the growing proportion of elderly people. A) Increasing birth rates B) Declining nutrition C) Advances in health care D) Social assistance in snowbelt states
Advances in health care
Who estimated in 1948 that 10% of Americans were homosexual? A) John Gagnon B) Lawrence Bowers C) Alfred Kinsey D) Robert T. Michael
Alfred Kinsey
How was sodomy generally viewed in Europe in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? A) As a sin B) As distasteful, but legal C) As an act of emotional intimacy D) As a declaration of love
As a sin
__________ have the highest percentage of disabled senior citizens. A) Non-Hispanic whites B) Pacific Islanders C) Asian Americans D) Black Americans
Black Americans
Why has public awareness of senior citizens increased in recent years? A) Demographic changes in the population composition B) Decreased group cohesiveness C) Political clout among younger Americans D) The increasing popularity of actors such as Betty White
Demographic changes in the population composition
Americans are about equally divided between approval and disapproval of homosexuality.
FALSE
Biological differences between homosexuals and heterosexuals have never been cited in scientific studies.
FALSE
Higher birth rates result in lower proportions of the elderly age cohort.
FALSE
Homosexuality has been descriptively evidenced in only about the last 500 years.
FALSE
Which group had the highest percentage of seniors living in poverty in 2008? A) Hispanic married-couple families B) Non-Hispanic white married-couple families C) Male Hispanics living alone D) Female non-Hispanic whites living alone
Hispanic married-couple families
How is age prejudice institutionalized in American society? A) In laws B) In interpersonal relations C) In religious beliefs D) In jokes
In laws
Which country had the highest fertility rate in 2012? A) The Czech Republic B) Japan C) Ireland D) The United States
Ireland
__________ is identified as a common societal reaction to the disabled, especially prior to the Americans with Disabilities Act. A) Job discrimination B) Media portrayals of disabled underachievers C) Stereotypes of the disabled as sexual perverts D) Fear of the disabled as carrying a communicable disease
Job discrimination
__________is/are usually tied to the employment of older workers. A) Lower costs for health care plans B) Lower absenteeism C) Negative job attitudes D) Poor relationships with customers
Lower absenteeism
__________ have the highest percentage of disabled respondents that are under the age of 15. A) Non-Hispanic whites B) Pacific Islanders C) Asian Americans D) Black Americans
Non-Hispanic whites
After various setbacks, the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act was passed and signed into law in __________. A) October 2009 by President Obama B) July 1998 by President Clinton C) December 2007 by President Bush D) March 1991 by President Bush
October 2009 by President Obama
Which group has the lowest suicide rates? A) Older Whites B) Older Asian or Pacific Islanders C) Older Blacks D) Older Hispanics
Older Blacks
__________ contributes to the high levels of deprivation for the rural elderly population. A) Lack of recreation options B) Poor heating and insulation C) High population density D) Lack of community
Poor heating and insulation
__________ has/have typically considered homosexuality to be deviant. A) The young B) Religious teachings C) Greek philosophy D) Sociologists
Religious teachings
"Sandwich generation" refers to the adult children of the elderly who simultaneously provide for their own dependent children.
TRUE
6.2% of men say that they are attracted to people of the same sex.
TRUE
According to Figure 14.6, the African American senior population will be larger than the Hispanic senior population in 2030.
TRUE
Ageism is the manifestation of prejudice, aversion, or hatred of the old.
TRUE
By a slight majority Americans are in favor of same-sex marriage legalization.
TRUE
In a recent national public opinion poll, more than four in five Americans reported that they personally knew someone who was gay.
TRUE
Which country is predicted to have the lowest proportion of the population at age 60 or older by 2050? A) China B) India C) Mexico D) The Philippines
The Philippines
__________ is particularly helpful in assessing the marginalization of the groups in this chapter. A) Understanding the duality of remoteness and nearness B) The ability to make sweeping judgments C) A lack of intersubjective understanding D) Racial profiling
Understanding the duality of remoteness and nearness
Jeremy runs a nursing home. As such he is concerned about the health of the elderly and works to make sure they have a number of things to do during the day so they do not simply sit around all of the time. He believes in __________ theory. A) activity B) disengagement C) conflict D) interactionist
activity
According to the intergroup contact hypothesis, if an employee made friends with a gay coworker, his attitude toward homosexuals in general would probably __________. A) become more positive B) not relate to his feelings for his friend C) cause the employee to also become gay D) become negative at an inverse rate to his positive feeling toward his friend
become more positive
According to the text, __________ might lead well-intentioned people to create uncomfortable situations for the disabled? A) noticing someone's disability B) ignoring someone's disability C) comments about noteworthy disabled individuals D) dismissing a person with a disability
comments about noteworthy disabled individuals
For __________ theorists, the disabled, gays and elderly are all marginalized groups that are exploited in various ways by the able bodied, young and straight population. A) functionalist B) conflict C) interactionist D) feminist
conflict
By the 1930s, popular fascination with gay culture led thousands to attend New York City's __________.
drag balls
The Kessler Foundation/National Organization on Disability national poll has consistently revealed that people with disabilities are more likely to __________. A) have health care B) attend religious services C) socialize D) drop out of high school
drop out of high school
By 2030, approximately one in __________ North Americans will be 65 years or older. A) four B) five C) two D) six
five
The text predicts that one in __________ North Americans will be 65 or older by 2030.
five
The American Academy of Pediatrics claims that __________ is one of the influences that determines sexual orientation. A) genetics B) political affiliation C) peers D) religious affiliation
genetics
Ancient Greeks praised homosexuality as more __________ and __________ than heterosexual love.
genuine; tender
Civil unions and domestic partnerships entitle homosexual couples to all the benefits, rights, privileges, and obligations afforded to __________.
heterosexual couples
Cases of arson, assault, and murder of homosexuals __________ in the 1990s. A) decreased slightly B) decreased dramatically C) increased slightly D) increased dramatically
increased dramatically
As a symbolic interactionist, Terrence is constantly stressing that sexual deviance and normality have to do with __________ theory as other people respond to particular sexual actions and identities. A) activity B) labeling C) social learning D) sexual scripts
labeling
The "social model" seeks to eliminate the prejudice, exclusion, and barriers in society that result in __________ for the disabled.
marginalization
The immigrant elderly are characterized by the fact that __________. A) most do not drive B) they have an expansive social network C) over 70% speak fluent English D) they have a high standard of living
most do not drive
Psychological literature into the 1980s considered homosexuality to be __________.
pathological
What is the third largest minority group in the United States? A) African Americans B) homosexuals C) people with disabilities D) the elderly
people with disabilities
The conflict perspective as applied to the groups in this chapter emphasizes __________. A) activity theory B) political lobbying for rights C) institutional structures and roles for marginalized groups D) structures of meaning making in daily life
political lobbying for rights
Focusing on just one characteristic of a person and disregarding all others is a typical element of __________.
prejudice
Mississippi prohibits any __________ couple from adopting
same-sex
The Bedamini people believe that the sharing of __________ between older and younger males is a means of enhancing masculinity.
semen
Megan understands that the social world channels all of our activities, even our sexuality. She draws on the concept of __________ to explain the development of both homosexuality and heterosexuality. A) activity theory B) labeling theory C) social learning D) sexual scripts
sexual scripts
An emphasis on __________ is tied to America's youth-oriented culture. A) spiritual formation B) creativity C) sexuality D) prejudice
sexuality
Employers often attempt to circumvent the ADEA by__________. A) openly advertising positions with age restrictions B) stating that workers are "over qualified" because of their experience C) requiring certain physical health standards of new employees D) demanding job skills that no old person could possibly possess
stating that workers are "over qualified" because of their experience
The Medical Model in Figure 14.2 is associated with the idea that __________ is/are the problem. A) a lack of education B) prejudice C) the impairment D) the structures in society
the impairment
Medical expenses for the elderly are about __________ than those of middle-aged adults. A) six times greater B) two times greater C) three times greater D) ten times greater
three times greater
Approximately __________ in three blacks believe that homosexuality is morally wrong.
two