Chapter 14: Identifying the Human Linage - Lab

How does this adaptation help the primate to move bipedally? (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

- Balances the cranium on the spine - It helps in effective weight transfers

Adaptations see in this primate's femur indicates bipedal locomotion. (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

- Femur is long and angled - Neck of femur is long

Exercise 7 Examine the photo. What adaptation for bipedalism are seen in the Ardipithecus Ramidus pelvis? (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

- Pelvis is broad and bowl shape - Iliac crests (rim of ilium bone) are falred - Pelvis is not long and narrow

Which adaptation(s) seen in this primates's pelvis indicates bipedal locomotion (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

- Pelvis is shorter and broader - Pelvic outlet is large

The pre-australopith fossils are especially significant because they challenge some of the long-standing explanations of our evolutionary history. For what reasons does the pre-australopiths force us to rethink the savanna hypothesis in particular?(Check all correct reasons) (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

- Plant and animal remains indicate they lived in the forest - Ardi's foot was grasping, hence was arboreal too - Pre-australopiths had long arms

Which two adaptation seen in this primate's vertebral column indicate bipedal locomotion. (Pick 2 correct answers) (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

- Spine is S shaped - Spine has a thoracic and a lumbar curve

Which adaptations seen in this primate's foot indicate bipedal locomotion? (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

- Toes are short - Foot has a longitudinal arch - Hallux is not divergent

I lived about 4.4 mya in eastern Africa. I had long arms and fingers and a relatively short, broad pelvis. (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

Ardipithecus ramidus

Describe one adaptation seen in this primate's cranium that indicates bipedal locomotion (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

More basal foramen magnum

I lived about 6 mya in eastern Africa. My femurs had long necks with grooves for my obturator externus muscles. (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

Orrorin tugenensis

Exercise 3 Examine the skeletal material. Which mystery primate is bipedal? (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

Pelvis A

Exercise 2 Examine the skeletal material. Which mystery primate is bipedal? (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

Primate A

Exercise 5 Examine the skeletal material. Which mystery primate is bipedal? (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

Primate B

Exercise 6 Examine the skeletal material. Which mystery primate is bipedal? (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

Primate B

I lived about 7 to 6 mya in central Africa. I had a small cranial capacity, a large brow ridge, and an anteriorly positioned foramen magnum. (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Exercise 1 Examine the skeletal material. Which mystery primate is bipedal? (Lab 14: Identifying the Human Linage)

Skull A