Chapter 14 Section 4 Reformation Ideas Spread

Inquisition

A Church court that used torture to root out heresy. Index of forbidden books include Calvin and Luther

Anabaptists

A Protestant sect that believed only adults could make a free choice regarding religion; they also advocated pacifism, separation of church and state, and democratic church organization., abolish private property, quakers, baptists, mennonites, and Amish from them

Teresa of Avila

A Spanish noblewoman who became a nun and set up a strict order that dedicated itself to meditation and prayer. Asked by church to reform convents and monasteries,

Book of Common Prayer

A book of liturgy that was standardized to all churches in England and later in the Anglican Church made during edward

ghetto

A separate quarter in a city set aside for Jews.

Jesuits

An order that was founded to combat heresy and spread the Catholic faith. Founded by ignatius Loyola

Council of Trent

Called into order in 1545 by the Pope, this council meet on and off for twenty years as it tried to bring about reforms to the Catholic Church... declare salvation from works and faith, bible not only source, stop corruption in clergy

annul

Cancel a marriage in the Catholic Church.

Anglican Church

Church of England

Convents and monestaries

Closed .... and ..... and gave them to nobles

Elizabeth I

Daughter of Henry VIII, she supported the Church of England but also supported a compromise between Catholicism and Protestantism.

Act of Supremacy

Declared the king (Henry VIII) the supreme head of the Church of England in 1534.

How did England's experience differ from that of the German states?

England did not suffer any wars on the mainland (other than small upraising) once Scotland was taken and became a part of the empire even before its rise to superpower under Elizabeth 1. In Germany however wars were fought all the time.

Jews

First Spain get rid of ... but Italy still allow them, the Venice order then to stay in ghettos, German princes expel them, wear yellow badges, Charles V bann them from America's, pope Paul put restrictions,

Describe the steps by which England became a Protestant country.

Henry VIII asked the Catholic pope to annul his marriage from Catherine of Aragon to marry Anne Boleyn. He had a daughter with Catherine, but wanted a male heir. The pope said no so Henry decided to take over the Church of England. He had a series of laws passed through Parliament. The church was placed under Henry's rule away from the pope. In 1534, the Act of Supremacy made Henry "the only supreme head on Earth of the Church of England". Many Catholics who refused to accept the Act of Supremacy were executed for treason.

Poland-Lithuania and Ottoman Empire, Netherlands ( Dutch calvinists allow them there)

Jews prosper in

Which groups faced the greatest persecution?

Jews-had to convert or executed, many lived in ghettos Witches- witch hunting, between 1450-1750 tens of thousands died

Sir Thomas More

Killed cause didn't accept Henry as church leader, saint now

Germany, Switzerland, and France

Most victims died of witch hunts in

King Henry VIII, Edward, (Protestant) Mary Tudor (catholic), Elizabeth (middle way)

Order of rulers

Why did persecution increase during the Reformation?

Persecution increased because the Catholic Church was unhappy with the new ideas brought about in the Reformation and wanted to crush all opposition. During the Reformation, violence was the primary means of stopping revolutions or radical new changes.

Catholic Reformation

Pope paul III, Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church, begun in response to the Protestant Reformation. It clarified Catholic theology and reformed clerical training and discipline.

What were the goals of the Catholic Reformation? Did it succeed? Explain.

The Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation was intended to fight back against the Protestant Reformation: to reform and strengthen the Catholic Church against this great Protestant threat, partly by purging itself of the corruption and questionable practices that had given rise to the Protestant Reformation in the first place.

Henry VIII

Was called defender of faith, The English king who wanted, for political reasons, to end papal control of the English Church. When the Pope refused to annul his marriage with Catherine of Aragon, England split from Rome and became the Church of England. Wanted to Anne Boleyn,

St. Teresa of Avila

he had a vision of a wounded Christ and she focused on Christ's passion. With these visions guiding her, she began to renew and reform her order. From 1560 until her death, Teresa and a group of supporters struggled to establish and broaden the movement of discalced Carmelites. In 1567, she met St John of the Cross, who began to take her reforms into the male Carmelite Order.