Chapter 14

What is the relationship between education and median income?

Each higher level of education attained brings higher median income.

According to conflict theorists, the hidden curriculum of school subtly promotes creativity and imagination and downplays rote learning.

False

According to conflict theorists, what is important about obtaining degree from Harvard or Yale or some other elite college is that it is a guarantee that a person had received quality training.

False

In past 20 years, the difference between males and females on the math part of the SAT has all but disappeared.

False

One problem with home schooling today is that it deprives children of the chance to participate in extracurricular activities.

False

Preliterate societies that have no school do not fulfill the basic functions of education.

False

Standardized tests can accurately measure intelligence and abilities, especially among younger children.

False

The Coleman Report and much subsequent research have shown that the more money a school district spends, the greater the increase in the achievement of its students.

False

The Coleman Report of 1966 found that minority students perform better when they go to school with others like them in predominantly minority schools.

False

The United States adopted the concept of mass public education only after it had been accepted in Europe

False

The early home schoolers in the 1950s and 60s objected to the per missives and liberalism of public schools.

False

The functionalist perspective stresses the role of schools in perpetrating class differences from generation to generation.

False

The high school dropout rate has been increasing gradually since 1980.

False

To the conflict theorists, the function of school is to help each student develop his or her particular talents and abilities so as to live a more fulfilling life.

False

Which of the following is an aspect of the credentialized society?

For employers, socialization matters more than does competence.

According to conflict theorists, what is important about obtaining degree from Harvard or Yale or some other elite college is that it is means the person probably will not rock the boat.

True

Cross-district busing of schoolchildren was a direct outgrowth of the Coleman Report of 1966.

True

Even in colonial times, patriots such as Ben Franklin saw schools as a way of Americanizing immigrants.

True

Lester Frank Ward believed the main purpose of education was to equalize society.

True

Many preliterate societies do not distinguish between education and socialization.

True

Nearly 20 percent of all students in the grades 9-12 reported they had carried a weapon at least once during the previous month.

True

Teacher often associate giftedness with children who come from prominent families, who have traveled widely, who have extensive cultural advantages.

True

The American educational system helps slow the entry of young adults into the labor market.

True

The level of violence in schools has been decreasing since the mid-1990s.

True

To conflict theorist, the function of school is to produce the kind of people the system needs.

True

What was the basic message of the report titled A Nation at Risk?

U.S. schools were so bad they put the future of the country in danger.

In 2006, four years after No Child Left Behind was passed, how did U.S. 15-years compare with those in 56 other countries?

U.S. students did not score in the top 20 in math, science, or literacy.

In the South, state policy required blacks and whites to attend separate schools. This system was known as

de jure segregation

In its famous Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954, the United States Supreme Court banned

de jure segregation.

Rosenthal and Jacobson found that student performance is substantially affected by the

expectations of their teachers.

The "hidden curriculum," according to conflict theory, includes

getting students to accept society as it is.

Opponents of bilingual education argue that it

hurts immigrant children by not giving them the necessary language skills.

The Supreme Court decision declaring school segregation policies unconstitutional was handed down

in the 1950s

Which of the following is not a social consequence of dropping out of high school?

increased intergenerational mobility

"Tracking" in schools, according to conflict theory, includes

increasing racial and class inequality.

To say that child care is a "latent" function of school means that means that child care

is not an officially stated goals of schools.

de jure segregation

laws prohibiting one radical group from attending school with another

According to some studies what proportion of fourth graders in the United States can read proficiently?

less than 33%

Major assessments of the U.S. students have found them most lacking in ability in

math

Dropping out of high school affects not only those who leave school, but also society in general because dropouts

pay less taxes because of their lower earnings, are less likely to vote, have poorer health, and increase the demand for social services.

The single most important element in the phenomenon of continuing innovation in American society is the

performance of high-caliber academic and research universities.

In view of conflict theory, the most important thing that schools actually do is

preserve the existing class system.

Which of the following is a latent function of education?

reducing unemployment rates by keeping youths out of the labor market.

The major cause of de facto segregation is

residential segregation

Over the past 75 years, the percentage of Americans completing high school has

risen dramatically.

To say that schools are places of socialization means that

schools inculcate the ways of the society in children.

The Coleman Report of 1966 concluded that

schools pay a less important role in student academic achievement than once thought

de facto segregation

segregation resulting from residential patterns.

The "back to basic" movement in education emphasized rote learning, for instance, memorizing the multiplication table. The effect of this kind of education was that

students are left unprepared to deal with more complex problems.

Ted Brown, an elementary school teacher for the past 15 years, has returned to school to get a master's degree. The schooling will not make him a better teacher, but it will get him a raise. This is an example of

the credentialized society.

hidden curriculum

the social attitudes and values taught in school that prepare children to accept the requirements of adult life and to fit into the social, political, and economic statuses the society provides.

What, according to Lester Frank Ward, is the main source of inequality in society?

the unequal distribution of knowledge

Carol Gilligan argues that girls are devalued by society because

they have a different way of looking at moral issues.