chapter 15

Polyphony was universally accepted in medieval religious communities.

false

The first type of polyphony was Gregorian chant.

false

Which best describes the rhythmic treatment in Gaude maria virgo?

in a rhythmic mode

In order to transmit the new polyphony, which other aspect of music became more sophisticated in the Middle Ages?

music notation

The rhythmic pattern of long-short repeated throughout Gaude Maria virgo defines the -

rhythmic mode

Composers from ________ were at the forefront of musical composition.

the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris

Which voice in organum carries the original chant in sustained notes?

the lower voice

What best describes the lowest voice?Gaude Maria virgo0:34

the lower voice sings a single long note

In the medieval era, some religious communities utilized polyphonic music to enhance worship on the highest feast days in the church year, like Easter.

true

Most recognized composers in the early Middle Ages were clerics in religious communities.

true

Polyphonic music required specialized singers as compared to the more simple communal singing of plainchant.

true

Singing polyphony required specialized singers.

true

Composers of organum based their pieces on

preexisting Gregorian chants.

After the cadence, you hear a new section of music. What best describes the relationship among the different voices in this new section?new music0:24

All voices sing one melody

The compilation of early polyphony is the

Great Book of Organum.

Gaude Maria virgo is sung in

Latin

Who was the first leader of the Notre Dame School?

Léonin

______ is credited with compiling the Magnus liber organi.

Léonin

Which composers are associated with polyphonic composition at Notre Dame in the Middle Ages and which are not?

Léonin Pérotin

Which of the following is a true statement?

Léonin is the first composer of polyphonic music whose name we know.

The text setting of the upper voices is -

Melismatic

The upper voices sing -

Melismatically (lots of pitches per syllable of text)

What best describes the texture of this section of Gaude Maria virgo, which begins a little over a minute into the piece?virgo cunctas...0:00

Monophony

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Notated polyphony emerged at the end of the Renaissance.

Another name for this type of polyphony is -

Organum

What best describes the texture of the first 30 seconds of Gaude Maria virgo?Gaude Maria virgo0:34

Polyphonic

Which statement regarding polyphony in the Middle Ages is NOT true?

Polyphonic music was sung by the church congregation.

Who was Léonin's successor?

Pérotin

Listen to the following excerpts from Gaude Maria virgo. Which is a true statement?

The first excerpt is polyphonic while the second is monophonic.

Gaude Maria virgo has some distinctive features of polyphonic texture. How does the pace at which the bottom voice changes pitch compare to the pace of the upper two voices?Gaude Maria virgo0:34

The lower voice moves much slower

The texture of Gaude Maria virgo is - polyphony alternating with - chant.

Three part, Monophonic

Musical notation of polyphony allowed for more detail and control over the musical texture.

True

What best describes the relationship among the voices in Gaude Maria virgo?Gaude Maria virgo0:34

Two voices sing different melodies while the third voice sings mostly on one lower pitch

Which best describes the performing forces in this excerpt?

a cappella

Gaude Maria virgo is performed

a cappella.

The performance of Gaude Maria virgo is typical of the genre in that it is sung antiphonally. What does antiphonal mean?

a performance style that alternates between two groups

A fixed pattern of long and short notes that is repeated or varied is known as

a rhythmic mode.

Organum grew out of the improvisatory custom of

adding a second voice to a Gregorian melody.

The phrase in this excerpt ends in with a

cadence

The three voices singing together at the same time in this excerpt form vertical sonorities, creating

harmony

The text setting of Gaude Maria virgo is

highly melismatic.

Pérotin's organum

increased the number of voices to three and then to four.

What language is heard in this work?

latin

Which of the following best describes the rhythms performed in the upper voices?

long-short-long-short

In early organum, which voice sang the fixed melody from the preexisting Gregorian chant?

lowest

Which voice part is singing the older Gregorian chant (cantus firmus)?

lowest

What describes the text setting of Gaude Maria virgo?

mel

The style of singing the text in the upper vocals parts in this excerpt of Gaude Maria virgo is

melismatic

In the medieval mind, the new had to be founded on the - . Therefore composers of the new polyphonic - based their pieces on older Gregorian chants

old organum

The earliest polyphonic music is called

organum

The earliest polyphonic music is called -

organum

Notre Dame cathedral is located in which city?

paris

Which term best describes the texture of this organum?

polyphonic

Which of the following describe the music of Ave Maria virgo and which do not?

polyphonic texture a cappella singing faster moving upper voices over a slow moving bottom voice

What was the single most important feature in the development of Western music?

polyphony

Which term describes the texture of two or more melodies performed at the same time?

polyphony

Polyphony was utilized to enhance worship on the most significant feast days in the church year.

trur

The lower voice in organum sings the fixed melody in extremely long notes.

trur