Chapter 15

Belief

there is no god but God and Muhammad is the messenger of God

Sunnah

traditions of Muhammad

What Issue divided Muslims into Shia and Sunni Groups?

Sunnis believe that the community need a leader with political skills. The Shias believed that only Muhammad's relatives should become caliph.

Shias

Supported Ali Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law

Sunnis

Supported muhammad's main advisor

Pilgrimage

A sacred place or shrine

What was the role of poetry in early Arab Culture?

Arab nomads used spoken verse to praise their tribes and mock their enemies. Poetry was central to early Arab culture. This oral tradition gave rise to many written forms

Who must go on he Hajj?

Every Muslim

What were the strong economic foundations?

Farming, Traders, & cities

What does Allah mean

God

Sharia

God's laws are collected in the Islamic law code

Mosque

House of worship

Quran

Islams Holy book

Where did the system of Arabic numerals come from originally? To what regions did it spread after alkhwarizmi wrote his book on the subject?

It came from Arab— Europe

Name three large cities in Islamic civilization?

Mecca, Cordoba, and Cairo

What two large empires did the Muslims defeat soon after Muhammad's death?

The Byzantine and Persian empires.

Who destroyed the capital and killed the Abbasids?

Mongols

Charity

Muslims mush share their wilt with the less fortunate.

Fasting

Not eating or drinking for a long period of time

Hajj

Pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca

What happens at a mosque?

Prayers and other religious activities

What is the Quran? What do muslims believe about it?

Quran is the Islam holy book. They believe it is the record of god's revelations to Muhammad over a period of nearly 23 years.

Sikhism

Religion combines Hinda & Islam

Sultans

Rulers of Muslim states

Who was the poet?

Rumi

Who Created Al-Achar

Shia Fatinih

What are the two main sources of Islamic teaching?

The Quran and the sunnah

Which dynasty made Persia, Present-day Ira, a Shia State?

The Safavid empire made persia a Shia state.

Calligraphy

The art of decorative writing

Monotheism

The belief in one good

What ors Sharia mean

The way

Identify one idea that passed through Islamic civilization?

Traders spread Muslims culture and learning as well as islam to other lands

How did muslims help preserve ancient cultures?

They translated them into Arabic studied them, made their own advances and preserved many original text.

Textiles

Woven fabric

What are Textiles? What is two examples of a textile product that was produced in early Islamic civilization?

Woven fabric- cotton cloth from Egypt and beautiful wool carpets from Persia.

Sufism

an Islamic lifestyle that emphasizes controlling one's desire, giving up worldly attachments, and seeking nearness to God

Prayer

it is a religious duty for muslims to pray five times a day.

Caliphs

led the Muslim community and then the empire.

What does the word Islam mean in arabic?

submission

Arabic Numerals

symbols that we use for numbers today

What are some rules of conduct contained in Sharia?

the sharia forbids muslims from gambling, stealing, eating pork or drinking alcohol.

What is the role of the Sharia?

the sharia provides muslims with specific rules of personal conduct.