Chapter 15, The Special Senses
What creates the boundary between the air filled middle ear and the fluid filler inner ear?
Oval window
What equalizes pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane?
Pharyngotympanic tube
Which part of the inner ear houses two portions of the membranous labyrinth known as utricle and saccule
Semicircular canals
Damage to the basal cells in the olfactory epithelium results in a loss of:
Smell
Which extrinsic eye muscles act together to move the eye directly inferiorly
Superior oblique and inferior rectus
What gland secretes oil to prevent eyelids from sticking together?
Tarsal Gland
Where does the conscious awareness of sound begin, along with the analysis of its pitch, location, and loudness?
Temporal Lobe
To what part of the brain are both general and special senses carried?
Thalamus
What is the function of the lens
The lens focuses light on the retina.
Special senses, such as sight and sound, are converted to an action potential by
Transduction
The vibrations received by the tympanic membrane are transferred to the oval window by the
auditory ossicles
Where are sound vibrations amplified?
auditory ossicles
The olfactory nerves are formed by
axons of the olfactory neurons
The loudness of sound is determined by the vibrations of the
basilar membrane
What supports the spiral organ (organ of Corti)?
basilar membrane
What secretes aqueous humor?
ciliary body
What part of the inner ear is involved in hearing?
cochlea
A weak superior oblique muscle would impair
depression of the eye and lateral movement
Where is the primary gustatory cortex located?
parietal lobe
The optic disc is known as the blind spot because
photoreceptors are absent from the optic disc
Where are the general senses located?
skin
Olfaction is the sense of
smell
What separates the outer ear from the middle ear
tympanic membrane
Standing still in an elevator that suddenly lowers stimulated receptors in the
utricle and saccule
What gelatinous mass helps maintain the shape of the eyeball?
vitreous humor
What nerves carry information about the special senses to the CNS?
Cranial Nerves only
What type of photoreceptor cell perceives color?
Cone
The sclera is continuous with a transparent layer over the anterior eye known as the __________.
Cornea
The three layers of the eyeball, from outer to inner
Fibrous, vascular, neural
Which of the following papillae found on the surface of the tongue contains no taste buds, but does contain sensory nerve endings to detect the temperature and texture of food
Filiform Papillae
What region of the retina contains a high density of photoreceptor cells and allows for extremely detailed vision?
Fovea Centralis
Taste is detected when chemicals bind receptors on the microvilli of:
Gustatory cells
Which cell has receptors specialized to detect different tastes?
Gustatory cells
What part of the eye controls the amount of light entering through the pupil?
Iris
The otolithic membrane plays a role in the detection of
Linear acceleration and head tilting
Which auditory ossicle is attached to the tympanic membrane?
Malleus
The receptor cells for static equilibrium are located in the
maculae of the utricle and saccule of the vestibule
The activation of olfactory receptors requires that the odorant become immersed in __________.
mucus
