Chapter 15: "what is Freedom" Reconstruction 1865-1877

Identify the functions of the black churches in the Reconstruction South.

a place for social gatherings a place of worship housed schools a political gathering spot

Identify the groups the Ku Klux Klan targeted

blacks who became landowners African-American political leaders white Republicans teachers

Analyze the map below. What does it reveal about the impact of emancipation?

Former slaves no longer lived in communal housing, but had their own quarters. Former slaves occupied and farmed their own plots of land. Former slaves built their own churches and schools on the plantation.

The United States was the only society to experience problems with labor during the transition from slavery to freedom

False

Why did former slaves believe that landownership was the cornerstone of freedom?

It allowed for the development of black communities independent of white control. They were entitled to the land because of their unpaid labor.

Former slaves believed that their political freedom should include the right to vote

True

Former slaves worked to reunite and stabilize their families in the Reconstruction period

True

The Ku Klux Klan was a racially motivated terrorist organization that spread throughout the entire south during reconstruction

True

How did Congress attempt to eradicate the power of the Ku Klux Klan?

Enforcement act

the republicans in congress were unified in their vision for reconstruction

False

Identify the statements that describe the Civil Rights Bill of 1866.

ensured all citizens enjoyed a set of basic rights defined all persons born in the United States as citizens

The new state governments under the control of Republicans failed to improve life in the South during Reconstruction.

False

What does it reveal about the relationships between freed blacks and former slaveowners after emancipation?

Freed blacks and former slaveowners still interacted frequently after emancipation. Freed blacks no longer had to show reverence to their former owners.

Why did southerners oppose Reconstruction?

Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped. Reconstruction governments were corrupt. Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks' equality.

In what ways does the contract limit the freedom of the laborers?

The freedmen are required to compensate the landowner if they miss work for a day. The freedmen are contractually obligated to "obey" the landowner.

How did the Black Codes attempt to regulate the lives of former slaves?

They denied blacks the right to serve in state militias. They did not allow blacks to vote. They denied blacks the right to testify in court against whites. They prohibited blacks from serving on juries.

How did the new state constitutions drafted during Radical Reconstruction expand public responsibilities and provide for equal rights?

They established a state-funded free public education system. They created state-run and funded institutions like orphanages, prisons, and homes for the insane.

How did the Reconstruction amendments change the Constitution?

They established the federal government as the protector of rights. They expanded the definition of citizenship to include non-whites.

Why was education so important to freed blacks?

They wanted to prepare to participate in the economic marketplace. They wanted to be able to read the Bible. They wanted the opportunity to take part in politics.

The Bargain of 1877 decided the election of 1876 in favor of the Republicans, while the Republicans promised to recognize Democratic control of the South, essentially ending Reconstruction.

True

The Fifteenth Amendment divided the women's movement, as some of its leaders, who were disappointed that it didn't enfranchise woman, separated from their former antislavery allies, while others stayed aligned with them in support of the greater cause for equal rights for all.

True

The Fifteenth Amendment prohibited the federal and state governments from denying any citizen the right to vote because of race.

True

The Liberal Republican Party began to side with Democrats in believing that the federal government's power had grown too much during the war and needed to be curtailed.

True

The former slaves defined freedom as the right to mobility, education, political participation, and -. Southern whites defined freedom as -, not a right. Northern Republicans believed freedom was the right of labor to - and advance in society.

landownership, a privilege, and compete

Identify the components of Andrew Johnson's plan for Presidential Reconstruction

pardon nearly all white southerners who took an oath of allegiance to the Union repudiation of secession appointment of provisional governors abolition of slavery state conventions to establish new, loyal state governments refusal to pay Confederate debts

Identify the statements that describe the objectives of the Freedmen's Bureau.

provide aid to the poor and aged secure equal treatment for blacks before the courts settle disputes between blacks and whites establish schools for blacks

Identify the statements that describe sharecropping.

required farmers to divide the crop with the landowner at the end of the year a compromise between blacks' desire for landownership and whites' need to discipline their labor force guaranteed planters a stable labor force preferred by former slaves because it allowed them to work without white supervision

Match the descriptions of white Republicans in the South during Reconstruction.

scalawags Correct label: Southern whites supported the Republican Party and were believed to be traitors to their race by many southern whites. Correct label: These were wartime Unionists who cooperated with the Republicans to prevent "rebels" from returning to power carpetbaggers Correct label: Their name suggests they packed all of their belongings in a suitcase and left their homes eager to take advantage of opportunities in the South. Correct label: Northern whites relocated to the South after the Civil War. Southern whites believed they had come simply for economic gain.

Identify the provisions of the Radical plan for Reconstruction.

the Fourteenth Amendment temporary division of the South into military districts state guarantees of black men's right to vote creation of new state governments