Chapter 16: Diseases of The Digestive System

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Bile

chemical secreted by the liver to help in digestion.

Appendix

a wormlike structure that is found at the blind end of the cecum.

Peptic ulcer

an ulcer that occurs in an unspecified site of the GI tract.

gastrojejunal ulcer

an ulcer that occurs in the stomach and the jejunum.

Gastric ulcer

an ulcer that occurs in the stomach.

Duodenal ulcer

an ulcer that occurs in the upper part of the small intestine.

Alimentary canal

another name for the digestive system.

Diverticulitis

inflammation of the diverticula.

Liver

considered an accessory organ of the digestive system that filters red blood cells, produces glycogen, and secretes bile.

Regional enteritis

a form of inflammatory bowel disease that can cause the thickening and scarring of the abdominal wall; also known as Crohn's disease.

Direct inguinal hernia

a protrusion in the groin area.

Hernia

a protrusion or bulge through the tissue that normally contains the structure.

Indirect inguinal hernia

a protrusion that has moved to the scrotum.

Crohn's disease

a form of inflammatory bowel disease that can cause the thickening and scarring of the abdominal wall; also known as regional enteritis.

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract

tract of the digestive system.

Appendicitis

inflammation of the appendix.

Cholecystitis

inflammation of the gallbladder.

Peritonitis

inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity.

Geographic tongue

on the tongue, irregularly shaped patches that resemble landforms on a map.

Diverticula

pouches or sacs in the lining of the intestine that cause diverticulitis if the sacs become inflamed.

Stomach

pouchlike structure at the end of the esophagus.

Accessory organs

secondary organs.

Jejunum

starts at the end of the duodenum and is the middle section of the small intestine.

Pulp

the center of a tooth.

Ulcerative colitis

the colon becomes inflamed, and ulcers develop in the lining of the intestine.

Ileum

the last part of the small intestine, starting at the end of the jejunum.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

the reflux of stomach acid and pepsin into the esophagus, causing inflammation.

Hiatal hernia

the sliding of part of the stomach into the chest cavity.

Duodenum

the start of the small intestine at the end of the stomach.

Gallbladder

stores bile secreted by the liver.

Esophagus

structure that connects the throat to the stomach.

Diverticulosis

abnormal condition of the pouches or sacs in the lining of the intestine known as diverticula.

Pulpitis

an abscess of the pulp.

Periapical abscess

an infection of the pulp and surrounding tissue.

Colitis

an inflammation of the colon.

Esophagitis

an inflammation of the esophagus.

Enteritis

an inflammation of the intestines.

Cholelithiasis

formation or presence of gallstones.

Inguinal hernia

part of the intestine passes through a weak point or tear in the abdominal wall.

Hepatic

pertaining to the liver.

Cecum

the end of the ileum and the start of the large intestine.


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