Chapter 16

What was the purpose of the wartime agencies created in the U.S. during World War I?

to foster cooperation between the national war effort and private businesses

What were the purposes of the Espionage and Sedition Acts?

to prevent spying and curtail criticism of the government

What were the European alliances that were triggered when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia?

Russia and France allied with Serbia against Austria-Hungary and Germany.

What effect did the war have on women in America?

Many took jobs that were traditionally held by men.

How did the Fuel Administration attempt to conserve coal and oil during the war?

by instituting Heatless Mondays and creating daylight savings time

How did America fund the $32 billion war effort?

by raising taxes and selling bonds

The crisis in the Balkans represented a clash between which two ideals that were emerging in Europe?

nationalism and imperialism

The desire to promote one's own country's culture and interests above all other nations is called _______.

nationalism.

What event in 1914 triggered the beginning of World War I?

the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary

What was the "Great Migration"?

the movement of massive numbers of African Americans to the North to take factory jobs

What was the final German act that caused the United States to declare war on Germany?

the sinking of six American ships by German submarines

What was the Zimmermann telegram?

the telegram to Mexico from Germany promising to give Mexico land lost to the U.S. if they joined the war

What was the primary purpose of the War Industries Board?

to coordinate the production of war materials

Why did Congress pass the Selective Service Act?

to draft Americans into the armed forces

What was the purpose of the Committee on Public Information?

to sell the war effort to Americans

What was the result of alliances between European countries against one another?

Countries began to engage in militarism.

How did the unification of the German states and the emergence of the German Empire lead to tensions in Europe?

Several countries feared that Germany would invade them and begin to create alliances.

Austria-Hungary's annexation of Bosnia in 1908 had what effect on the empire's relations with the Slavic people?

Slavs felt that Austria-Hungary had no intention of giving them independence.

Why did England seek to forge alliances with France and Russia?

because Germany was creating a naval fleet that threatened the British navy.

What were "victory gardens"?

gardens in which citizens grew their own vegetables