Chapter 17- Blood (Exam Questions)

C

Below are some of the factors involved in the extrinsic clotting pathway. 1. calcium 2. tissue factor (III) 3. prothrombin 4. factor X 5. fibrin 6. clotting factor VII What answer corresponds to the correct order in which they occur from the time of tissue damage to the formation of a blood clot? A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 B) 2, 6, 4, 5, 1, 3 C) 2,1,6,4,3,5 D) 5, 3, 6, 4, 1, 2 E) 1, 5, 3, 2, 4, 6

D

A person with Type A blood has A) antigen A on the RBCs. B) anti-B antibodies in the plasma. C) anti-A antibodies on the red blood cells. D) antigen A on the RBCs and anti-B antibodies in the plasma. E) anti-B antibodies in the plasma and anti-A antibodies on the red blood cells.

D

A personʹs blood type is determined largely by the A) size of the RBCs. B) volume of the RBCs. C) chemical character of the hemoglobin. D) presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane. E) shape of the RBCs.

B

A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is A) albumin alpha. B) fibrinogen. C) immunoglobulin A. D) platelets. E) transport proteins.

B

A substance that activates plasminogen might be useful to A) cause clots to form faster. B) cause clot dissolution to proceed faster. C) initiate clot formation. D) mimic erythropoietin. E) recruit neutrophils to an infection.

D

All of the following are true of neutrophils except that they are A) granular leukocytes. B) phagocytic. C) round cells with lobed nuclei. D) important in coagulation. E) active in fighting bacterial infections.

A

During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of A) neutrophils. B) eosinophils. C) basophils. D) reticulocytes. E) thrombocytes.

C

Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of A) magnesium. B) calcium. C) iron. D) sodium. E) copper.

C

Each hemoglobin molecule contains A) four alpha chains. B) one alpha and one beta chain. C) four iron ions. D) one heme group. E) two heme groups.

D

Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood? A) 55 percent B) 78 percent C) 60 percent D) 45 percent E) 20 percent

D

Granulocytes form in A) the intestines. B) the spleen. C) the thymus. D) red bone marrow. E) yellow bone marrow.

C

Identify the five types of white blood cells. (Module 17.9A) A) mast cells, dendritic cells, erythrocytes, platelets, and basophils B) astrocytes, microglial cells, Kuppfer cells, lymphocytes, and ependymal cells C) neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes D) monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes E) plasma cells, memory B cells, memory T cells, cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells

A

Which of the following is false concerning monocytes? A) about same size as basophils B) enter tissues and wander C) become macrophages D) are long-lived E) can phagocytize bacteria

A

Which of the following is false concerning neutrophils? A) less abundant than lymphocytes B) can make cytotoxic chemicals C) can exit capillaries D) can destroy bacteria E) produced in the bone marrow

B

Which of the following is not a component of plasma? A) electrolytes B) platelets C) fibrinogen D) albumin E) water

E

Which of the following is not true of basophils? A) constitute about 1 percent of WBCs B) promote inflammation C) granules contain histamine D) contain dense blue stained granules in the Wright stain E) increased production during parasitic infections

C

Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors? A) A B) B C) K D) D E) E

C

Which of these descriptions best matches the term lymphocytes? A) release histamine B) become macrophages C) defend against specific pathogens or toxins D) kill bacteria using cytotoxic chemicals E) often elevated in allergic individuals

A

Which of these descriptions best matches the term platelets? A) adhere to collagen beneath endothelium B) helper cells are one type C) produce antibodies in response to antigens D) kill bacteria using hydrogen peroxide E) often elevated in allergic individuals

C

Which of these is not one of the formed elements of blood? A) RBCs B) platelets C) antibodies D) lymphocytes E) basophils

E

Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins? A) pancreas B) heart C) kidney D) brain E) liver

D

Which plasma protein is a major contributor to the osmotic pressure of plasma? A) fibrinogen B) steroid-binding protein C) hormone-binding protein D) albumin E) gamma globulin

B

White blood cells that are increased in individuals with allergic reactions are the A) neutrophils. B) eosinophils. C) basophils. D) lymphocytes. E) monocytes.

C

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are A) neutrophils. B) eosinophils. C) basophils. D) lymphocytes. E) monocytes.

B

Why canʹt a person with type A blood (Module 17.7D) A) A person with type A blood will blood. B) A person with type A blood will blood. C) A person with type A blood will with type B blood. D) A person with type A blood will with type B blood. E) A person with type A blood will B blood.

E

________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells. A) Neutrophils B) Eosinophils C) Basophils D) Lymphocytes E) Monocytes

D

________ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. A) Vascular spasm B) The platelet phase C) Retraction D) Coagulation E) Fibrinolysis

D

________ transport(s) oxygen and CO2 in the RBCs. A) Ribosomes B) Mitochondria C) DNA D) Hemoglobin molecules E) Components of the cytoskeleton

E

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. Which of the following is not true? A) Bill could receive type A-negative blood in a transfusion. B) Bill could donate blood to an individual with type AB blood. C) Bill is Rh negative. D) Billʹs plasma contains B antibodies. E) Billʹs plasma contains Rh antibodies.

E

If the blood types of a donor and recipient are compatible, then A) the donorʹs antibodies bind with the recipientʹs antigens. B) the donorʹs antigens bind with the recipientʹs antigens. C) the donorʹs antibodies bind with the recipientʹs antibodies. D) the donorʹs antigens bind with the recipientʹs antibodies. E) there is no reaction between antibodies and antigens.

D

In adults, the only site of red blood cell production and the primary site of white blood cell formation is A) the liver. B) the spleen. C) the thymus. D) red bone marrow. E) yellow bone marrow.

C

More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is A) albumin. B) porphyrin. C) hemoglobin. D) immunoglobulin. E) fibrinogen.

C

Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by A) platelets. B) megakaryocytes. C) the liver. D) the kidneys. E) the spleen.

B

People with type AB blood are considered the ʺuniversal recipientʺ for transfusions because A) their blood cells lack A and B antigens. B) their blood lacks A or B antibodies. C) their blood is plentiful in A and B antibodies. D) they usually have very strong immune systems. E) they are usually Rh negative.

A

Plasma composes about ________ percent of whole blood, and water composes ________ percent of the plasma volume. A) 55; 92 B) 92; 7 C) 92; 55 D) 45; 55 E) 50; 50

C

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the A) albumins. B) fibrinogens. C) immunoglobulins. D) platelets. E) transport proteins.

B

Platelet factor (PF-3) is a factor in the ________ pathway. A) extrinsic B) intrinsic C) common D) retraction E) fibrinolytic

E

Platelets are A) red cells that lack a nucleus. B) blue cells that have a nucleus. C) large cells with a prominent, concave nucleus. D) tiny cells with a polynucleus. E) cytoplasmic fragments of large cells.

C

Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called A) erythroblasts. B) normoblasts. C) megakaryocytes. D) myeloblasts. E) lymphoblasts.

D

The chief differences between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of A) water. B) electrolytes. C) nitrogen wastes. D) proteins. E) glucose.

C

The combination of plasma and formed elements is called A) serum. B) lymph. C) whole blood. D) extracellular fluid. E) packed blood.

D

The common pathway of coagulation begins with the A) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. B) activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen. C) release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium. D) conversion of Factor X to prothrombin activator. E) conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

D

The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is catalyzed by A) fibrinogen-converting enzyme. B) plasmin. C) factor VIII. D) thrombin. E) prothrombin activator.

B

The enzyme that can digest fibrin and dissolve a clot is A) thrombin. B) plasmin. C) heparin. D) fibrinase. E) phosphokinase.

C

The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the A) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. B) activation of Factor VII exposed to collagen. C) release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium. D) release of heparin from the liver. E) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

B

The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the A) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. B) activation of proenzymes exposed to collagen. C) release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium. D) release of heparin from the liver. E) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

C

The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are A) globulins. B) transport proteins. C) albumins. D) lipoproteins. E) fibrinogens.

A

The most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the A) neutrophils. B) eosinophils. C) basophils. D) lymphocytes. E) monocytes.

D

The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the A) viscosity. B) specific gravity. C) packed volume. D) hematocrit. E) differential cell count.

C

The process of fibrinolysis A) activates fibrinogen. B) draws torn edges of damaged tissue closer together. C) dissolves clots. D) forms emboli. E) forms thrombi

C

The total volume of blood in the body of an adult male is approximately ________ liters. A) 10 B) 6 to 8 C) 5 to 6 D) 4 E) 3

A

Tissue factor (Factor III) is a factor in the ________ pathway. A) extrinsic B) intrinsic C) common D) retraction E) fibrinolytic

E

What is the most common blood type in the United States? (Module 17.7B) A) A+ B) B+ C) AB+ D) O- E) O+

E

Which blood type(s) can be safely transfused into a person with type O- blood? (Module 17.7C) A) They can receive any type of blood. B) They can receive any type of Rh negative blood. C) AB+, AB-, O+, O- D) O+ and O- E) They can receive only O- blood.

E

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term eosinophils? A) release histamine B) become macrophages C) defend against specific pathogens or toxins and produce antibodies in response to antigens D) kill bacteria using cytotoxic chemicals E) often elevated in allergic individuals