Chapter 17: Gene Expression - From Gene to Protein
What are polyribosomes?
groups of ribosomes reading a single mRNA simultaneously
Which of the following variations on translation would be most disadvantageous for a cell? A) translating polypeptides directly from DNA B) using fewer kinds of tRNA C) having only one stop codon D) lengthening the half-life of mRNA E) having a second codon (besides AUG) as a start codon Source: https://quizlet.com/164595304/chapter-17-test-questions-gene-expression-flash-cards/
A) translating polypeptides directly from DNA
What are the four types of point mutations?
Addition, deletion, frame shift, substitution.
Which of the following statements best describes the termination of transcription in prokaryotes? A) RNA polymerase transcribes through the polyadenylation signal, causing proteins to associate with the transcript and cut it free from the polymerase. B) RNA polymerase transcribes through the terminator sequence, causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and release the transcript. C) RNA polymerase transcribes through an intron, and the snRNPs cause the polymerase to let go of the transcript. D) Once transcription has initiated, RNA polymerase transcribes until it reaches the end of the chromosome. E) RNA polymerase transcribes through a stop codon, causing the polymerase to stop advancing through the gene and release the mRNA. Source: https://www.easynotecards.com/notecard_set/88921
B) RNA polymerase transcribes through the terminator sequence, causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and release the transcript.
Which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic gene expression, but does in eukaryotic gene expression? A) mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA are transcribed. B) RNA polymerase binds to the promoter. C) A poly-A tail is added to the 3' end of an mRNA and a cap is added to the 5' end. D) Transcription can begin as soon as translation has begun even a little. E) RNA polymerase requires a primer to elongate the molecule. Source: https://www.easynotecards.com/notecard_set/88921
C) A poly-A tail is added to the 3' end of an mRNA and a cap is added to the 5' end.
Which of the following provides some evidence that RNA probably evolved before DNA? A) RNA polymerase uses DNA as a template. B) RNA polymerase makes a single-stranded molecule. C) RNA polymerase does not require localized unwinding of the DNA. D) DNA polymerase uses primer, usually made of RNA. E) DNA polymerase has proofreading function. Source: https://www.easynotecards.com/notecard_set/88921
D) DNA polymerase uses primer, usually made of RNA.
Which of the following nucleotide triplets best represents a codon? A) a triplet separated spatially from other triplets B) a triplet that has no corresponding amino acid C) a triplet at the opposite end of tRNA from the attachment site of the amino acid D) a triplet in the same reading frame as an upstream AUG E) a sequence in tRNA at the 3' end Source: https://quizlet.com/164595304/chapter-17-test-questions-gene-expression-flash-cards/
D) a triplet in the same reading frame as an upstream AUG
What is different about transcription and translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Eukaryotes - transcription is in the nucleus and translation is in the cytoplasm Prokaryotes - both transcription and translation occur in the cytoplasm
What so the role of the promoter in transcription?
Region where RNA polymerase will bind and initiate transcription.
What is RNA splicing?
The process by which introns are removed from the pre-mRNA molecule.
